相关论文: The 4th State of Matter: The Delta State
The basic elements of the mathematical theory of states of thermal equilibrium of infinite systems of quantum anharmonic oscillators (quantum crystals) are outlined. The main concept of this theory is to describe the states of finite…
Over the last half century the liquid-gas phase transition and the magnetization phase transition have come to be well understood. After an order parameter, $r$, is defined, it can be derived how $r=0$ for $T>T_c$ and how $r \propto (T_c -…
We study a two-dimensional granular system where external driving force is applied to each particle in the system in such a way that the system is driven into a steady state by balancing the energy input and the dissipation due to inelastic…
We find a thermodynamic description of gas-liquid criticality that is different from van der Waals and mean-field theories. At the critical temperature there is no critical point; a liquid phase coexists with a vapor phase with densities…
Critical exponent $\gamma \succeq 1.1$ characterizes behavior of the mechanical susceptibility of a real fluid when temperature approaches the critical one. It results in zero Gaussian curvature of the local shape of the critical point on…
The van der Waals (VDW) equation of state is a simple and popular model to describe the pressure function in equilibrium systems of particles with both repulsive and attractive interactions. This equation predicts an existence of a…
It is shown how to embed a critical point in a smooth background equation of state so as to yield the critical exponents and critical amplitude ratios expected of a transition in the same universality class as the liquid-gas phase…
Conformational transitions of a single macromolecule of finite size $N$ cannot be described within standard thermodynamic framework. Taking as a basis a simple model of homopolymer exhibiting a coil-globule transition, we show that a…
A critical point of the energy dispersion is the momentum where electron velocity vanishes. At the corresponding energy, the density of states (DOS) exhibits non-analyticity such as divergence. Critical points can be first classified as…
There appears to be a longtime, very slowly evolving state in dense simple fluids which, for high enough density, approaches a glassy nonergodic state. The nature of the nonergodic state can be characterized by the associated static…
We present a high-resolution computer simulation study of the equation of state of ST2 water, evaluating the liquid-state properties at 2718 state points, and precisely locating the liquid-liquid critical point (LLCP) occurring in this…
Quantum decoherence provides a framework to study the emergence of classicality from quantum systems by showing how interactions with the environment suppress interferences and select robust states known as pointer states. Earlier studies…
We study a three-dimensional system of particles interacting via spherically-symmetric pair potentials consisting of several discontinuous steps. We show that at certain values of the parameters desribing the potential, the system has three…
When thermodynamics is understood as the science (or art) of constructing effective models of natural phenomena by choosing a minimal level of description capable of capturing the essential features of the physical reality of interest, the…
Recently we have proposed (J. Chem. Phys. 128 (2008) 134508) a new rescaling of fluid density $\rho $ by its critical value $\rho_c^{2/3}$ to apply the corresponding states law for the attractive Yukawa fluids study. Analysis of precise…
A characteristic property of a gapless liquid state is its emergent symmetry and dual symmetry, associated with the conservation laws of symmetry charges and symmetry defects respectively. These conservation laws, considered on an equal…
Can liquid-like and gas-like states be distinguished beyond the critical point, where the liquid-gas phase transition no longer exists and conventionally only a single supercritical fluid phase is defined? Recent experiments and simulations…
Liquid-gas equilibrium is considered using the global isomorphism with the Ising-like (lattice gas) model. Such an approach assumes the existence of the order parameter in terms of which the symmetry of binodal is restored not only in the…
The theory of quartet condensation is further developed. The onset of quartetting in homgeneous fermionic matter is studied with the help of an in-medium modified four fermion equation. It is found that at very low density quartetting wins…
We consider stochastic rules of mass transport which lead to steady states that factorize over the links of a one-dimensional ring. Based on the knowledge of the steady states, we derive the onset of a phase transition from a liquid to a…