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A system with many degrees of freedom can be characterized by a covariance matrix; principal components analysis (PCA) focuses on the eigenvalues of this matrix, hoping to find a lower dimensional description. But when the spectrum is…

生物物理 · 物理学 2017-04-26 Serena Bradde , William Bialek

Principal component analysis (PCA) has been a prominent tool for high-dimensional data analysis. Online algorithms that estimate the principal component by processing streaming data are of tremendous practical and theoretical interests.…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2017-10-09 Chris Junchi Li , Mengdi Wang , Han Liu , Tong Zhang

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) finds the best linear representation of data, and is an indispensable tool in many learning and inference tasks. Classically, principal components of a dataset are interpreted as the directions that…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2019-12-24 Raphael A. Hauser , Armin Eftekhari

A general framework for principal component analysis (PCA) in the presence of heteroskedastic noise is introduced. We propose an algorithm called HeteroPCA, which involves iteratively imputing the diagonal entries of the sample covariance…

统计理论 · 数学 2021-04-02 Anru R. Zhang , T. Tony Cai , Yihong Wu

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a well known procedure to reduce intrinsic complexity of a dataset, essentially through simplifying the covariance structure or the correlation structure. We introduce a novel algebraic, model-based…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2021-12-09 Martin Schlather , Felix Reinbott

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a very successful dimensionality reduction technique, widely used in predictive modeling. A key factor in its widespread use in this domain is the fact that the projection of a dataset onto its first…

机器学习 · 统计学 2017-05-19 Xianghui Luo , Robert J. Durrant

Big data is transforming our world, revolutionizing operations and analytics everywhere, from financial engineering to biomedical sciences. The complexity of big data often makes dimension reduction techniques necessary before conducting…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2018-01-08 Jianqing Fan , Qiang Sun , Wen-Xin Zhou , Ziwei Zhu

Principal component analysis (PCA) represents a standard approach to identify collective variables $\{x_i\}\!=\!\boldsymbol{x}$, which can be used to construct the free energy landscape $\Delta G(\boldsymbol{x})$ of a molecular system.…

生物大分子 · 定量生物学 2019-05-30 Matthias Post , Steffen Wolf , Gerhard Stock

Principal component analysis is an important pattern recognition and dimensionality reduction tool in many applications. Principal components are computed as eigenvectors of a maximum likelihood covariance $\widehat{\Sigma}$ that…

统计理论 · 数学 2017-10-30 Raphael Hauser , Raul Kangro , Jüri Lember , Heinrich Matzinger

Principal Component Analysis is a novel way of of dimensionality reduction. This problem essentially boils down to finding the top k eigen vectors of the data covariance matrix. A considerable amount of literature is found on algorithms…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-01-08 Jian Vora

Sparse Principal Component Analysis (sPCA) is a cardinal technique for obtaining combinations of features, or principal components (PCs), that explain the variance of high-dimensional datasets in an interpretable manner. This involves…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-12-02 Ryan Cory-Wright , Jean Pauphilet

Principal component analysis (PCA) is recognised as a quintessential data analysis technique when it comes to describing linear relationships between the features of a dataset. However, the well-known sensitivity of PCA to non-Gaussian…

机器学习 · 统计学 2019-10-28 Jean P. Chereau , Bruno Scalzo Dees , Danilo P. Mandic

In this brief note, we formulate Principal Component Analysis (PCA) over datasets consisting not of points but of distributions, characterized by their location and covariance. Just like the usual PCA on points can be equivalently derived…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-06-26 Vlad Niculae

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a classical and ubiquitous method for reducing data dimensionality, but it is suboptimal for heterogeneous data that are increasingly common in modern applications. PCA treats all samples uniformly so…

统计理论 · 数学 2021-12-02 David Hong , Kyle Gilman , Laura Balzano , Jeffrey A. Fessler

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is the most widely used tool for linear dimensionality reduction and clustering. Still it is highly sensitive to outliers and does not scale well with respect to the number of data samples. Robust PCA…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2015-04-24 Nauman Shahid , Vassilis Kalofolias , Xavier Bresson , Michael Bronstein , Pierre Vandergheynst

Principal component analysis (PCA) has been widely applied to dimensionality reduction and data pre-processing for different applications in engineering, biology and social science. Classical PCA and its variants seek for linear projections…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-07-11 Xiaojun Chang , Feiping Nie , Yi Yang , Heng Huang

In this paper, we study the application of sparse principal component analysis (PCA) to clustering and feature selection problems. Sparse PCA seeks sparse factors, or linear combinations of the data variables, explaining a maximum amount of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2008-10-08 Ronny Luss , Alexandre d'Aspremont

In this paper we analyze approximate methods for undertaking a principal components analysis (PCA) on large data sets. PCA is a classical dimension reduction method that involves the projection of the data onto the subspace spanned by the…

机器学习 · 统计学 2017-08-16 Darren Homrighausen , Daniel J. McDonald

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a cornerstone of dimensionality reduction, yet its classical formulation relies critically on second-order moments and is therefore fragile in the presence of heavy-tailed data and impulsive noise.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Mario Sayde , Christopher Khater , Jihad Fahs , Ibrahim Abou-Faycal

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a method for estimating a subspace given noisy samples. It is useful in a variety of problems ranging from dimensionality reduction to anomaly detection and the visualization of high dimensional data.…

统计理论 · 数学 2019-06-14 David Hong , Laura Balzano , Jeffrey A. Fessler