相关论文: Le Chatelier Response

We present the energetic aspect of open systems which may exchange particles with their environments. Our attention shall be paid to the scale that the motion of the particles is described by the classical Langevin dynamics. Along a…

Current formulations of nonequilibrium thermodynamics of open chemical reaction networks only consider chemostats as free-energy sources sustaining nonequilibrium behaviours. Here, we extend the theory to include incoherent light as a…

We investigate the heterogeneous dynamics in a model, where chemical gelation and glass transition interplay, focusing on the dynamical susceptibility. Two independent mechanisms give raise to the correlations, which are manifested in the…

In this study we try to answer the qustion : What happens when explicit constraints are introduced such that the low energy, long wavelength modes of a system are unavailable ? This question has assumed some importance in recent years due…

For a small system the coupling to a reservoir causes energy shifts as well as transitions between the system's energy levels. We show for a general stationary situation that the energy shifts can essentially be reduced to the relaxation…

Microreversibility rules the fluctuations of the currents flowing across open systems in nonequilibrium (or equilibrium) steady states. As a consequence, the statistical cumulants of the currents and their response coefficients at arbitrary…

Completely open systems can exchange heat, work, and matter with the environment. While energy, volume, and number of particles fluctuate under completely open conditions, the equilibrium states of the system, if they exist, can be…

We study the transition probabilities of a two-point measurement on a quantum system, initially prepared in a thermal state. We find two independent constraints on the difference between transition probabilities when the system is prepared…

Nonequilibrium systems exchange the energy with an environment in the form of work and heat. The work done on a system obeys the fluctuation theorem, while the dissipated heat which differs from the work by the internal energy change does…

The paper sets forth comprehensive basics of Discrete Thermodynamics of Chemical Equilibria (DTD), developed by the author during the last decade and spread over series of publications. Based on the linear equations of irreversible…

The article introduces a new relationship between the chemical system complexity and deviation of its bifurcation point from thermodynamic equilibrium. In the formalism of discrete thermodynamics of chemical equilibria, simulation of…

When a thermodynamic system is released from any constraint, after some time its evolution will render it into an equilibrium state. Although the description of this relaxation to thermodynamic equilibrium has been attempted through both…

Entanglement within a given device provides a potential resource for quantum information processing. Entanglement between system and environment leads to decoherence (thus suppressing non-classical features within the system) but also opens…

We propose a variational formulation for the nonequilibrium thermodynamics of discrete open systems, i.e., discrete systems which can exchange mass and heat with the exterior. Our approach is based on a general variational formulation for…

The paper presents amended basic map of states of chemical systems in discrete thermodynamics of chemical equilibria. Uniting two previously found basic map types in one and covering a wider range of situations, it allows us to obtain more…

For open systems subjected to external magnetic fields, relations between the statistical cumulants of their fluctuating currents and their response coefficients are established at arbitrary orders in the deviations from equilibrium, as a…

We extend the energetic variational approach so it can be applied to a chemical reaction system with general mass action kinetics. Our approach starts with an energy-dissipation law. We show that the chemical equilibrium is determined by…

We study an autocatalytic system consisting of several interacting chemical species. We observe a strong dependence of the concentrations of the chemicals on the size of the system. This dependence is caused by the discrete nature of the…

The theory of the effect of external fluctuation force on the stability and spatial distribution of mutually interacting and slowly evaporating charged drops, levitated in an electrodynamic balance, is presented using classical…

A generalized fluctuation-response relation is found for thermal systems driven out of equilibrium. Its derivation is independent of many details of the dynamics, which is only required to be first-order. The result gives a correction to…