相关论文: Antimatter underestimated
In this article we concisely explain: what antimatter is, its differentiation between primordial and secondary, how it is produced, where it can be found, the experiments carried out at CERN to create and analyze antiatoms, the problem of…
Possible mechanisms of abundant creation of antimatter in the universe are reviewed. The necessary conditions for that are: baryonic charge nonconservation, spontaneous breaking of charge symmetry or nonequilibrium initial state, and the…
The possibility of using antihydrogen for igniting inertial confinement fusion pellets or triggering large-scale thermonuclear explosions is investigated. The number of antiproton annihilations required to start a thermonuclear burn wave in…
Radiations produced by neutrino-antineutrino annihilation at the Z0 pole can be used to heat up the primary stage of a thermonuclear warhead and can in principle detonate the device remotely. Neutrino-antineutrino annihilation can also be…
One of the striking features of particle production at high beam energies is the near equal abundance of matter and antimatter in the central rapidity region. In this paper we study how this symmetry is reached as the beam energy is…
Different scenarios of baryogenesis are briefly reviewed from the point of view of possibility of generation of cosmologically interesting amount of antimatter. It is argued that creation of antimatter is possible and natural in many…
The possibility of creation of cosmologically significant antimatter are analyzed in different scenarios of baryogenesis. It is argued that there may exist plenty of antimatter even in our Galaxy. Possible forms of antimatter objects and…
This chapter is devoted to a discussion of applications of nuclear fission. It covers some aspects of the topics of nuclear reactors, nuclear safeguards and non-proliferation, reactor anti-neutrinos and nuclear medicine. It is, however,…
The operation of high-energy and high-intensity particle accelerators inevitably leads to the loss of a fraction of beam particles, either through controlled processes or accidental events. This article builds on a first lecture on…
We investigate the potential of short-baseline experiments in order to measure the dispersion relation of the (muon) neutrino, with a prospect of eventually measuring the neutrino mass. As a byproduct, the experiment would help to constrain…
The existence of large domains of antimatter is still an open question. Some space mission and experiments in the near future are expected to give reasonable answer to that question. Meanwhile, we can try to search for other signatures of…
Low energy nuclear transmutations have been reported in experimental chemical electrolytic cells employing metallic hydride electrodes. Assuming that the nuclear transmutations are induced by ultra-low momentum neutron absorption, the…
We have examined the contribution of the filled negative energy sea of hyperons to the energy/particle in nuclear matter at the one and two loop levels. While this has the potential to be significant, we find a strong cancellation between…
Cosmological models which predict a large amount of antimatter in the Universe are reviewed. Observational signatures and searches for cosmic antimatter are briefly considered. A short discussion of new long range forces which might be…
This paper considers the state of nuclear and radiological security in the UK and abroad and reports on the methods that could be employed by terrorists with radiological or nuclear material to cause destruction. It is shown that despite…
High energy muon colliders, such as the TeV-scale conceptual designs now being considered, are found to produce enough high energy neutrinos to constitute a potentially serious off-site radiation hazard in the neighbourhood of the…
The feasibility of using antihydrogen for igniting inertial confinement fusion pellets or triggering large scale thermonuclear explosions is investigated. The number of antiproton annihilations required to start a thermonuclear burn wave in…
High-power microwave applications are growing for both military and civil purposes, yet they can induce brain-related risks and raise important public health concerns. High-power sub-millisecond radio frequency energy pulses have been…
Antineutrinos are electrically neutral, nearly massless fundamental particles produced in large numbers in the cores of nuclear reactors and in nuclear explosions. In the half century since their discovery, major advances in the…
Recent astronomical observations indicating a strikingly abundant presence of antimatter in the Galaxy, in particular, of anti-stars are reviewed. Long-time earlier theoretical predictions are briefly discussed.