相关论文: Realization of Maxwell's Hypothesis

We consider a dilute gas of granular material inside a box, kept in a stationary state by shaking. A wall separates the box into two identical compartments, save for a small hole at some finite height $h$. As the gas is cooled, a second…

It is shown that the set of equations known as Maxwell's equations perfectly describe two very different systems: (1) the usual electromagnetic phenomena in vacuum or in the matter and (2) the deformation of isotropic solid lattices,…

In this highly speculative Letter it is argued that, under certain physical conditions, Maxwell's demon might be capable of breaking the second law of thermodynamics, thereby allowing a perpetual motion machine of the second kind, by…

Recently Sagawa and Ueda [Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 080403 (2008)] derived a bound on the work that can be extracted from a quantum system with the use of feedback control. They left open the question of whether this bound could be achieved for…

We propose a mechanism for the generation of a magnetic field in the early universe during the QCD crossover assuming that dark matter is made of axions. Thermoelectric fields arise at pressure gradients in the primordial plasma due to the…

In the last twenty years there has been significant progress in our understanding of quantum transport far from equilibrium and a conceptual framework has emerged through a combination of the Landauer approach with the non-equilibrium Green…

Two thin conducting, electrically neutral, parallel plates forming an isolated system in vacuum exert attracting force on each other, whose origin is the quantum electrodynamical interaction. This theoretical hypothesis, known as Casimir…

We study an autonomous model of a Maxwell demon that works by rectifying thermal fluctuations of chemical reactions. It constitutes the chemical analog of a recently studied electronic demon. We characterize its scaling behavior in the…

We revisit the Jaynes-Cummings model as an autonomous thermodynamic machine, where a qubit is driven by a cavity containing initially a large coherent field. Our analysis reveals a transition between the expected behavior of ideal-work…

Thermal noise generated by a hot resistor (resistance $R$) can, under proper conditions, catalyze heat removal from a cold normal metal (N) in contact with a superconductor (S) via a tunnel barrier. Such a NIS junction acts as Maxwell's…

We study the stochastic dynamics of Brownian particles in a heat bath and subject to an active feedback control by an external, Maxwell's demon-like agent. The agent uses the information of the velocity of a particle and reduces its thermal…

Maxwell's demon principle of extracting valuable resources through measuring fluctuations in the system already stimulated modern quantum physics. In contrast to classical physics, a free coupling to a probe and its free measurement…

We consider a freely movable solid that separates a long tube into two regions, each of which is filled with a dilute gas. The gases in each region are initially prepared at the same pressure but different temperatures. Under the assumption…

We develop the general laws of the theory of the almost empty anchored magnetic flux tubes (MFT) with B~10^7G, starting from tachocline to the surface of the Sun. The main result of this theory is the formation of the solar axions and the…

With the increasing interest for the control of the system at the nano and mesoscopic scales, studies have been focused on the limit of the energy dissipation in an open system by refining the concept of the Maxwell's demon. The well-known…

Maxwell's demon is the quintessential example of information control, which is necessary for designing quantum devices. In thermodynamics, the demon is an intelligent being who utilizes the entropic nature of information to sort excitations…

A theory of feedback controlled heat transport in quantum systems is presented. It is based on modelling heat engines as driven multipartite systems subject to projective quantum measurements and measurement-conditioned unitary evolutions.…

The Lorenz electromagnetic theory of light, published two years after the Maxwell theory, starts by postulating that both scalar and vector potentials are retarded. We show that in spite of this postulate, Lorenz's theory gives a…

The magnetic Aharonov-Bohm effect shows that charged particles may be affected by the vector potential in regions without any electric or magnetic fields [1]. The Aharonov-Bohm effect was experimentally confirmed [2-3] and has been found in…

Rectifying thermal white noise into directed motion is generally believed to require the consumption of energy or information, as exemplified by Maxwell's demon-type feedback controllers. Here we demonstrate a molecular rectification…