相关论文: Fundamental units: physics and metrology

Fundamental constants are a cornerstone of our physical laws. Any constant varying in space and/or time would reflect the existence of an almost massless field that couples to matter. This will induce a violation of the universality of free…

The generalized definition of symmetry is formulated. Application of this definition for symmetric analysis of theoretical physics equations is considered. The version of electrodynamics is constructed permitting the faster-than-light…

We consider a recent proposal [1] to redefine the kilogram in terms of natural constants. In our opinion, the main objective of the redefinition should be to build such a version of the SI system in which the electric measurements are…

In this article we try to clarify why supersymmetry [SUSY] and supersymmetric grand unified theories [SUSY GUTs] are the new standard model of particle physics, i.e. the standard by which all other theories and experiments are measured.

The so-called quantum measurement problems are solved from a new perspective. One of the main observations is that the basic entities of our world are {\it particles}, elementary or composite. It follows that each elementary process, hence…

High-precision measurements of violations of fundamental symmetries in atoms are a very effective means of testing the standard model of elementary particles and searching for new physics beyond it. Such studies complement measurements at…

Unitarity is a pillar of quantum theory. Nevertheless, it is also a source of several of its conceptual problems. We note that in a world where measurements are relational, as is the case in gravitation, quantum mechanics exhibits a…

The gap between classical mechanics and quantum mechanics has an important interpretive implication: the Universe must have an irreducible fundamental level, which determines the properties of matter at higher levels of organization. We…

Given the experimental precision in condensed matter physics -- positions are measured with errors of less than 0.1pm, energies with about 0.1meV, and temperature levels are below 20mK -- it can be inferred that standard quantum mechanics,…

In this paper a new small parameter associated with the density matrix deformation (density pro-matrix)studied in previous works of the author is introduced into the Generalized Quantum Mechanics (GQM), i.e. quantum mechanics involving…

The uncertainty principle lies at the heart of quantum physics, and is widely thought of as a fundamental limit on the measurement precisions of incompatible observables. Here we show that the traditional uncertainty relation in fact…

Astrophysical observations suggest that the fine structure constant (alpha) may (or may not) be evolving over the cosmological time scale. This raises a much debated question: is alpha variation due to the variation of the speed of light…

Quantum metrology pursues the physical realization of higher-precision measurements to physical quantities than the classically achievable limit by exploiting quantum features, such as entanglement and squeezing, as resources. It has…

Precision measurements together with exact theoretical calculations have led to steady progress in fundamental physics. A brief survey is given on recent developments and current achievements in the field of perturbative precision…

As one of the main pillars of quantum technologies, quantum metrology aims to improve measurement precision using techniques from quantum information. The two main strategies to achieve this are the preparation of nonclassical states and…

This article describes the various experimental bounds on the variation of the fundamental constants of nature. After a discussion on the role of fundamental constants, of their definition and link with metrology, the various constraints on…

The basic premise of Quantum Mechanics, embodied in the doctrine of wave-particle duality, assigns both, a particle and a wave structure to the physical entities. The classical laws describing the motion of a particle and the evolution of a…

Ideal rods and clocks are defined as an infinitesimal symmetry of the spacetime. Since no a priori geometric structure is considered, all the possible models of spacetime are obtained.

Invited report at the 8th Meeting of the Working Group ``Base units and fundamental constants'' of the French Academy of Sciences. June 14, 2004. The text consists of seven sections: 1. Great importance of SI. 2. The necessity of updating…

Quantum metrology is the science that aims to achieve precision measurements by making use of quantum principles. Attribute to the well-developed techniques of manipulating and detecting cold atoms, cold atomic systems provide an excellent…