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This study experimentally examined the explosive fragmentation of thin ceramic tubes using pulsed power. A thin ceramic tube was threaded on a thin copper wire, and high voltage was applied to the wire using a pulsed power generator. This…

Composite wires with a three-layered structure are known to show a particularly large magnetoimpedance effect. The wires consist of a highly conductive core, an insulating layer and an outer ferromagnetic shell. In order to understand the…

When two metal electrodes are separated, a nanometer sized wire (nanowire) is formed just before the contact breaks. The electrical conduction measured during this retraction process shows signs of quantized conductance in units of…

The most important characteristics of the fragmentation of heterogeneous solids is that the mass (size) distribution of pieces is described by a power law functional form. The exponent of the distribution displays a high degree of…

The break-up of a nanowire with an organic ligand shell into discrete droplets is analysed in terms of the Rayleigh-Plateau instability. Explicit account is taken of the effect of the organic ligand shell upon the energetics and kinetics of…

The normal confining phase of gauge theories is characterised by the condensation of magnetic monopoles and center vortices. Sometimes in coupled gauge system one finds another phase with simultaneous condensation of electric and magnetic…

Fragmentation can be observed in nature and in everyday life on a wide range of length scales and for all kinds of technical applications. Most studies on dynamic failure focus on the behaviour of bulk systems in one, two and three…

We present experiments on the dynamic buckling and fragmentation of slender rods axially impacted by a projectile. By combining the results of Saint-Venant and elastic beam theory, we derive a preferred wavelength lambda for the buckling…

We study the low-energy quantum electrodynamics of electrons and holes, in a thin graphene wire. We develop an effective field theory (EFT) based on an expansion in p/p_T, where p_T is the typical momentum of electrons and holes in the…

Cutting mechanics in soft solids have been a subject of study for several decades, an interest fuelled by the multitude of its applications, including material testing, manufacturing, and biomedical technology. Wire cutting is the simplest…

A theoretical and experimental study of the fragmentation of closed thin shells made of a disordered brittle material is presented. Experiments were performed on brown and white hen egg-shells under two different loading conditions:…

We obtain the Paris law of fatigue crack propagation in a disordered solid using a fuse network model where the accumulated damage in each resistor increases with time as a power law of the local current amplitude. When a resistor reaches…

Solid cylindrical nanowires are vulnerable to a Rayleigh-Plateau-type morphological instability. The instability results in a wire breakup, followed by formation of a chain array of spherical nanoparticles. In this paper, a base model of a…

We report first-principles calculations of current-induced forces in Si atomic wires as a function of bias and wire length. We find that these forces are strongly nonlinear as a function of bias due to the competition between the force…

Using a recent continuum model of a single-crystal nanowire morphological evolution in the applied axial electric field, an axisymmetric evolution of a microscopically rough nanowire surface is computed. Morphological evolution results in a…

Atom chips use current flowing in lithographically patterned wires to produce microscopic magnetic traps for atoms. The density distribution of a trapped cold atom cloud reveals disorder in the trapping potential, which results from…

From electromagnetic wave equations, it is first found that, mathematically, any current density that emits an electromagnetic wave into the far-field region has to be differentiable in time infinitely, and that while the odd-order time…

We analyze the charge and thermal transport at a junction of interacting quantum wires close to equilibrium. Within the framework of Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids, we compute the thermal conductance for a wide class of boundary conditions and…

We study experimentally and numerically the thinning of a Newtonian leaky-dielectric filament subject to an axial electric field. We consider moderately viscous liquids with high permittivity. The experiments show that satellite droplets…

The density functional theory is used to study the electronic structure of a quantum wire in a magnetic field. In a GaAs quantum wire, a critical density has been found, below which the electron density has a strong spatial inhomogeneity.…