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Lambda-calculi come with no fixed evaluation strategy. Different strategies may then be considered, and it is important that they satisfy some abstract rewriting property, such as factorization or normalization theorems. In this paper we…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2019-11-28 Beniamino Accattoli , Claudia Faggian , Giulio Guerrieri

The purpose of this article is to delve into the properties of invariants. The properties, explained in [2], reveal new ways to develop algorithms that allow us to test the primality of a number. In this article, some of these are shown,…

数论 · 数学 2023-08-02 Juan Hernandez-Toro

New form of Fermat's principle for light propagation in arbitrary (i.e. in general neither static nor stationary) gravitational field is proposed. It is based on Herglotz extension of canonical formalism and simple relation between the…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2025-01-08 Joanna Piwnik , Joanna Gonera , Piotr Kosiński

The purpose of this article is to introduce the concept of invariance and its properties. These properties can be used to check the primality of a number. Combining these properties with the Euler theorem, it is possible to generalize this…

数论 · 数学 2023-09-06 Juan Hernandez-Toro

Factorization of numbers with the help of Gauss sums relies on an intimate relationship between the maxima of these functions and the factors. Indeed, when we restrict ourselves to integer arguments of the Gauss sum we profit from a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2012-10-25 S. Wölk , C. Feiler , W. P. Schleich

The problem to express a natural number N as a product of natural numbers without regard to order corresponds to a thermally isolated non-interacting Bose gas in a one-dimensional potential with logarithmic energy eigenvalues. This…

统计力学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Christoph Weiss , Steffen Page , Martin Holthaus

We study Kummer's approach towards proving the Fermat's last Theorem for regular primes. Some basic algebraic prerequisites are also discussed in this report, and also a brief history of the problem is mentioned. We review among other…

历史与综述 · 数学 2013-07-15 Manjil P. Saikia

This chapter amalgamates some foundational developments and calculations in factorization homology.

代数拓扑 · 数学 2019-03-27 David Ayala , John Francis

In this article, we factor the composite $4n^2 +1$ using Fermat's factorization method. Consequently, we characterized all proper factors of composite $4n^2 +1$ in terms of its form. Furthermore, the composite Fermat's number is considered…

综合数学 · 数学 2022-03-01 Paul Ryan Longhas , Alsafat Abdul , Aurea Rosal

A difference equation based method of determining two factors of a composite is presented. The feasibility of P-complexity is shown. Presentation of material is non-theoretical; intended to be accessible to a broader audience of non…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2016-02-23 Charles Sauerbier

In this paper we derive an explicit formula for calculating the marginal likelihood of a given factorization of a categorical dataset. Since the marginal likelihood is proportional to the posterior probability of the factorization, these…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-05-19 Anthony LaTorre

In this note we generalise a method of Perott to give new proofs that there are infinitely many prime numbers.

数论 · 数学 2007-05-23 L. J. P. Kilford

Prime factorization is an outstanding problem in arithmetic, with important consequences in a variety of fields, most notably cryptography. Here we employ the intriguing analogy between prime factorization and optical interferometry in…

数学物理 · 物理学 2014-02-12 Gabriel Seiden

A simple criterion is derived in order that a number sequence ${\cal S}_n$ is a permitted spectrum of a quantized system. The sequence of the prime numbers fulfils the criterion and the corresponding one-dimensional quantum potential is…

凝聚态物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 G. Mussardo

Polynomial factorization in conventional sense is an ill-posed problem due to its discontinuity with respect to coefficient perturbations, making it a challenge for numerical computation using empirical data. As a regularization, this paper…

数值分析 · 数学 2021-03-09 Wenyuan Wu , Zhonggang Zeng

In this paper, we introduce two primality tests based on new divisibility properties of binomial coefficients. These new properties were enunciated and proved in previous work. We also study two similar tests that can be obtained from…

综合数学 · 数学 2023-04-06 Dario T. de Castro

Factorization theorem plays the central role at high energy colliders to study standard model and beyond standard model physics. The proof of factorization theorem is given by Collins, Soper and Sterman to all orders in perturbation theory…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2010-05-28 Gouranga C Nayak

The Flavour Expansion Theorem, which has been recently proposed as a more general and elegant algebraic method, for the derivation of the commonly used Mass Insertion Approximation, is revisited. The theorem is reviewed, with respect to its…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2015-11-03 M. Paraskevas

Robert Denomme and Gordan Savin made a primality test for Fermat numbers 2^(2^k)+1 using elliptic curves. We propose another primality test using elliptic curves for Fermat numbers and also give primality tests for integers of the form…

数论 · 数学 2009-12-14 Yu Tsumura

The aim of this paper is to establish various factorization results and then to derive estimates for linear functionals through the use of a generalized Taylor theorem. Additionally, several error bounds are established including…

经典分析与常微分方程 · 数学 2024-12-10 Ali Hasan Ali , Zsolt Páles