相关论文: The Entropy Rate of Thermal Diffusion
The physical impossibility of heat transfer under isothermal conditions implies that the classical expression for the entropy of the ideal gas may not be compatible with the internal energy of the gas itself. A corrected expression of the…
The rate of diffusion of a Cu adatom on the Cu(100) surface is calculated using thermodynamic integration within the transition state theory. The results are found to be in excellent agreement with the essentially exact values from…
This paper investigates the entropy production rate and time-reversibility for general jump diffusions (L\'{e}vy processes) on $\mathbb{R}^n$. We first formulate the entropy production rate and explore its associated thermodynamic relations…
Self-replication is a capacity common to every species of living thing, and simple physical intuition dictates that such a process must invariably be fueled by the production of entropy. Here, we undertake to make this intuition rigorous…
We report the study of a random Lorentz gas with a reaction of isomerization $A\rightleftharpoons B$ between the two colors of moving particles elastically bouncing on hard disks. The reaction occurs when the moving particles collide on…
The thermalization process is studied in an expanding parton gas using the Boltzmann equation with two types of collision terms. In the relaxation time approximation we determine the criteria under which a time-dependent relaxation time…
The time-dependence of the quantum entropy for a two-level atom interacting with a single-cavity mode is computed using the Jaynes-Cummings model, when the initial state of the radiation field is prepared in a thermal state with temperature…
Consider "Frozen Random Walk" on $\mathbb{Z}$: $n$ particles start at the origin. At any discrete time, the leftmost and rightmost $\lfloor{\frac{n}{4}}\rfloor$ particles are "frozen" and do not move. The rest of the particles in the "bulk"…
The probability distribution of the entropy production for the effusion of an ideal gas between two compartments is calculated explicitly. The fluctuation theorem is verified. The analytic results are in good agreement with numerical data…
A formula is derived for the rate of thermal atmospheric escape, valid, and asymptotically exact, at low Knudsen number.
Considering a kicked rotor coupled to a model heat bath both the classical and quantum entropy productions are calculated exactly. Starting with an initial wave packet, the von Neuman entropy as a function of time is determined from the…
Quantum diffusion is studied via dissipative Madelung hydrodynamics. Initially the wave packet spreads ballistically, than passes for an instant through normal diffusion and later tends asymptotically to a sub-diffusive law. It is shown…
The principle of entropy increase is not only the basis of statistical mechanics, but also closely related to the irreversibility of time, the origin of life, chaos and turbulence. In this paper, we first discuss the dynamic system…
The present paper studies a large class of temperature dependent probability distributions and shows that entropy and energy can be defined in such a way that these probability distributions are the equilibrium states of a generalized…
We employ classical thermodynamics to gain information about absolute entropy, without recourse to statistical methods, quantum mechanics or the Third Law of thermodynamics. The Gibbs-Duhem equation yields various simple methods to…
A unified formulation of the density functional theory is constructed on the foundations of entropic inference in both the classical and the quantum regimes. The theory is introduced as an application of entropic inference for inhomogeneous…
We derive general expressions for the free energy, entropy production and entropy extraction rates for a Brownian particle that walks in a viscous medium where the dynamics of its motion is governed by the Langevin equation. It is shown…
The entropy production rate is a key quantity in non-equilibrium thermodynamics of both classical and quantum processes. No universal theory of entropy production is available to date, which hinders progress towards its full grasping. By…
We compute the entropy production engendered in the environment from a single Brownian particle which moves in a mean flow, and show that it corresponds in expectation to classical near-equilibrium entropy production in the surrounding…
In a glassy system different degrees of freedom have well-separated characteristic times, and are described by different temperatures. The stationary state is essentially non-equilibrium. A generalized statistical thermodynamics is…