相关论文: Defining the Force between Separated Sources on a …

This paper makes the simple observation that a fundamental length, or cutoff, in the context of Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FRW) cosmology implies very different things than for a static universe. It is argued that it is…

The nuclear force acting between protons and neutrons is studied in the Monte Carlo simulations of the fundamental theory of the strong interaction, the quantum chromodynamics defined on the hypercubic space-time lattice. After a brief…

Fractonic phases are new phases of matter that host excitations with restricted mobility. We show that a certain class of gapless fractonic phases are realized as a result of spontaneous breaking of continuous higher-form symmetries whose…

Only photons are needed to explain the masses of the pi(0), eta, Lambda, Sigma(0), Xi(0), Omega(-), Lambda(c,+), Sigma(c,0), Xi(c,0), and Omega(c,0) mesons and baryons. Only neutrinos are needed to explain the mass of the pi(+-) mesons.…

Most embeddings of the Standard Model into a more unified theory, in particular the ones based on supergravity or superstrings, predict the existence of a hidden sector of particles which have only very weak interactions with the visible…

Although there is overwhelming evidence of dark matter from its gravitational interaction, we still do not know its precise gravitational interaction strength or whether it obeys the equivalence principle. Using the latest available…

We develop an approach to calculate the self-force on a charged particle held in place in a curved spacetime, in which the particle is attached to a massless string and the force is measured by the string's tension. The calculation is based…

We examine the one-dimensional motion of two similarly charged particles under the influence of only two forces, i.e. their Coulombic repulsion and their gravitational attraction, using the relativistic equation of motion. We find that when…

The loss of gauge invariance in models of light-matter interaction which arises from material and photonic space truncation can pose significant challenges to conventional quantum optical models when matter and light strongly hybridize. In…

The ambiguity of macroscopic description of light pressure on continuous medium originates from the uncertainty of dividing the energy-momentum tensor of electromagnetically excited matter into material and field parts or, equivalently, the…

Starting from the meson-meson Green function in 3+1 dimensional quenched lattice QCD we calculate potentials between heavy-light mesons for various light-quark mass parameters. For the valence quarks we employ the staggered scheme. The…

Examination of the Einstein energy-momentum relationship suggests that simple unbound forms of matter exist in a four-dimensional Euclidean space. Position, momentum, velocity, and other vector quantities can be expressed as Euclidean…

The Coulomb's formula for the force FC of electrostatic interaction between two point charges is well known. In reality, however, interactions occur not between point charges, but between charged bodies of certain geometric form, size and…

If the color Coulomb potential is confining, then the Coulomb field energy of an isolated color charge is infinite on an infinite lattice, even if the usual UV divergence is lattice regulated. A simple criterion for Coulomb confinement is…

The potential between infinitely heavy quarks in a color singlet state is of fundamental importance in QCD. While the confining long distance part is inherently non-perturbative, the short-distance (Coulomb-like) regime is accessible…

Background: The vacuum in the light-front representation of quantum field theory is trivial while vacuum in the equivalent canonical representation of the same theory is non-trivial. Purpose: Understand the relation between the vacuum in…

We propose a description of {\it Newtonian} gravity as a long wavelength excitation of the scalar condensate inducing electroweak symmetry breaking. Indeed, one finds a $-{{G_F}\over{\eta}}{{m_im_j}\over{r}}$ long-range potential where…

Effects of soft breaking in N=1 supersymmetric gauge theories are studied. For N_f < N_c, we include the dynamics of the non-perturbative superpotential and use the original (s)quark and gauge fields. For N_f > N_c +1, we formulate the…

In Coulomb gauge a longitudinal electric field is generated instantaneously with the creation of a static quark-antiquark pair. The field due to the quarks is a sum of two contributions, one from the quark and one from the antiquark, and…

The relationship between the perturbation theory in light-front coordinates and Lorentz-covariant perturbation theory is investigated. A method for finding the difference between separate terms of the corresponding series without their…