相关论文: Various Properties of Compact QED and Confining St…
In Lorentz violating quantum electrodynamics (QED) it is known that a radiatively induced Chern-Simons term appears in the effective action for the gauge field, which is finite but undetermined. This ambiguity is shown to be absent in a…
The eigenvalue density of a Wilson loop matrix W associated with a simple loop in two-dimensional Euclidean SU(N) Yang-Mills theory undergoes a phase transition at a critical size in the infinite-N limit. The averages of 1/det(z-W) and…
To obtain some exact results of U(1) gauge theory (QED), we construct the low energy effective action of N=2 supersymmetric QED with a massless matter and Fayet-Iliopoulos term, assuming no confinement. The harmonic superspace formalism for…
When a photon with well-defined polarization and momentum passes through a focusing device, these properties are no longer well defined. Their loss is captured by describing polarization by a 3x3 effective density matrix. Here we show that…
By using the gauge-invariant but path-dependent, variables formalism, we consider a recently proposed topologically massive $U{\left( 1 \right)_{\cal W}} \times U{(1)_{\cal Y}}$ Chern-Simons-Higgs theory in $2+1$ dimensions. In particular,…
First-principles studies of strongly-interacting hadronic systems using lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) have been complemented in recent years with the inclusion of quantum electrodynamics (QED). The aim is to confront experimental…
Confinement is an ubiquitous phenomenon when matter couples to gauge fields, which manifests itself in a linear string potential between two static charges. Although gauge fields can be integrated out in one dimension, they can mediate…
A network of cosmic strings would lead to gravitational waves which may be detected by pulsar timing or future interferometers. The details of the gravitational wave signal depend on the distribution of cosmic string loops, which are…
Non-uniform structures of mixed phases at the first-order phase transition to charged kaon condensation are studied using a density functional theory within the relativistic mean field model. Including electric field effects and applying…
We study Polyakov loop correlations and spatial Wilson loop at finite Temperature in two-flavor QCD simulations with the RG-improved gluon action and the clover-improved Wilson quark action on a $ 16^3 \times 4$ lattice. From the line of…
We consider a scalar field interaction with a cosmic string configuration in a flat 3-brane. The origin of this field is given by a compactification mechanism in the context of a 5-dimensional Brans-Dicke theory. We use the Cosmic Microwave…
We study the low-energy effective theories of photons and gravitons, matching them at one loop to a UV completion with a massive spinning matter particle. The matter is allowed to have non-minimal electromagnetic and gravitational…
We consider the gravitational lensing produced by long cosmic strings formed in a GUT scale phase transition. We derive a formula for the deflection of photons which pass near the strings that reduces to an integral over the light cone…
We derive a generalized Skyrme-Faddeev action as the effective action of QCD in the low energy limit. Our result demonstrates the existence of a mass gap in QCD which triggers the confinement of color.
Reduced-density-matrix-functional theory is applied to open-shell systems. We introduce a spin-restricted formulation by appropriately expressing approximate correlation-energy functionals in terms of spin-dependent occupation numbers and…
Using Dirac's method for the quantization of constrained systems QED is canonically quantized in the front-form in a gauge which is the light-front analog of the Weyl gauge. From the obtained vacuum wave functional the spatial Wilson loop…
We consider the dynamics of confined strings embedded in a gapless four-dimensional theory. To this end, we examine finite-tension string-like solutions to the equations of motion of the $\mathbb{C}\mathbb{P}^1$ non-linear sigma model. We…
Monopole and photon contributions to abelian Wilson loops are calculated using Monte-Carlo simulations of finite-temperature $SU(2)$ QCD in the maximally abelian gauge. The string tension is reproduced by monopole contribution alone also in…
The dimensionality of a system profoundly influences its physical behaviour, leading to the emergence of different states of matter in many-body quantum systems. In lower dimensions, fluctuations increase and lead to the suppression of…
We discuss the first theory for the depinning of low dimensional, incommensurate, charge density waves (CDWs) in the strong electron-phonon (e-p) regime. Arguing that most real CDWs systems invariably develop a gigantic dielectric constant…