相关论文: Dirac Sea and Hole Theory for Bosons II -- Renorma…
Bosonic formulation of the negative energy sea, so called Dirac sea, is proposed by constructing a hole theory for bosons as a new formulation of the second quantization of bosonic fields. The original idea of Dirac sea for fermions, where…
It is proposed to make formulation of second quantizing a bosonic theory by generalizing the method of filling the Dirac negative energy sea for fermions. We interpret that the correct vacuum for the bosonic theory is obtained by adding…
We consider the long standing problem in field theories of bosons that the boson vacuum does not consist of a `sea', unlike the fermion vacuum. We show with the help of supersymmetry considerations that the boson vacuum indeed does also…
It is proposed to make formulation of second quantizing a bosonic theory by generalizing the method of filling the Dirac negative energy sea for fermions. We interpret that the correct vacuum for the bosonic theory is obtained by adding…
We consider the long standing problem in field theories of bosons that the boson vacuum does not consist of a `sea', unlike the fermion vacuum. We show with the help of supersymmetry considerations that the boson vacuum indeed does also…
We consider the long standing problem in field theories of bosons that the boson vacuum does not consist of a `sea', unlike the fermion vacuum. We show with the help of supersymmetry considerations that the boson vacuum indeed does also…
It is shown that the Dirac sea can be uniquely defined for the Dirac equation with general interaction, if we impose a causality condition on the Dirac sea. We derive an explicit formula for the Dirac sea in terms of a power series in the…
We use our previous idea, in which at first we perform a naive second quantization of both negative and positive energy for the Klein-Gordon equation analogous to the unfilled Dirac sea for fermions, to study as a playground this naive…
The Dirac negative energy sea introduced the concept of antimatter, and explained it, not least in its relationship to negative-energy solutions to the wave equation. Post-war, it was largely displaced by what I shall call the 'standard…
One route towards understanding both fractional charges and chiral anomalies delves into Dirac's negative energy sea. Usually we think of Dirac's negative energy sea as an unphysical construct, invented to render quantum field theory…
We develop a relativistic model to describe the bound states of positive energy and negative energy in finite nuclei at the same time. Instead of searching for the negative-energy solution of the nucleon's Dirac equation, we solve the Dirac…
Using our earlier formalism of extending the idea of the Dirac sea (negative energy states) to also for Bosons, we construct a formalism for Bosons which are their own antiparticles. Since antiparticles in formalisms with a Dirac sea are at…
We propose a hole theory for bosons, in which, analogous to fermions, a hole produced by the annihilation of one negative energy boson is an anti-particle. We show that the boson vacuum indeed also consists of a sea in which all negative…
The classical version of the three wave interaction models the creation and destruction of waves; the quantized version models the creation and destruction of particles. The quantum three wave interaction is described and the Bethe Ansatz…
Whether the Dirac sea model is right is verifiable. Assuming the Dirac sea is a physical reality, we have one imagination that a negative energy particle(s) in the sea and a usual positive energy particle(s) will form a neutral atom. The…
This paper develops the theory of Dirac reduction by symmetry for nonholonomic systems on Lie groups with broken symmetry. The reduction is carried out for the Dirac structures, as well as for the associated Lagrange-Dirac and…
The reduction of nonholonomic systems is formulated in terms of Dirac reduction. An optimal reduction method for a class of nonholonomic systems is formulated. Several examples are studied in detail.
We review recent results on a mean-field model for relativistic electrons in atoms and molecules, which allows to describe at the same time the self-consistent behavior of the polarized Dirac sea. We quickly derive this model from Quantum…
We consider introducing the Dirac sea in a quantum cellular automata model of fermions in discrete spacetime which approximates the Dirac equation in the continuum limit. However, if we attempt to fill up the `negative' energy states, we…
In the hadrodynamics (QHD) there are two methods to take account of the contribution of negative-energy states in the relativistic random phase approximation (RRPA). Dawson and Furnstahl made the ansatz that the Dirac sea were empty, while…