相关论文: Core Phase Transitions for Embedded Topological De…
We demonstrate the existence of global monopole and vortex configurations whose core exhibits a phase structure. We determine the critical values of parameters for which the transition from the symmetric to the non-symmetric phase occurs…
We review recent work on a new class of topological defects which possess a nonsymmetric core. They arise in scalar field theories with global symmetries, U(1) for domain walls and SU(2) for vortices, which are explicitly broken to $Z_2$…
Rapid new developments have occurred in superfluid hydrodynamics since the discovery of a host of unusual phenomena which arise from the diverse structure and dynamics of quantized vortices in 3He superfluids. These have been studied in…
Symmetries of the physical world have guided formulation of fundamental laws, including relativistic quantum field theory and understanding of possible states of matter. Topological defects (TDs) often control the universal behavior of…
Defects in the multi-dimensional macroscopic quantum field of the He-3 superfluids are localized objects with a topological charge and are topologically stable. They include point-like objects, vortex lines, planar domain-wall-like…
The status quo in our understanding of defect formation during a rapid transition into the broken symmetry state in condensed matter and cosmology is discussed. An observation of vortex nucleation in neutron absorption experiments in…
Core structures of a single vortex in A-like and B-like phases of superfluid 3He in uniaxially compressed and stretched aerogels are studied by numerically solving Ginzburg-Landau equations derived microscopically. It is found that,…
Many direct parallels connect superfluid 3He with the field theories describing the physical vacuum, gauge fields and elementary fermions. Superfluid $^3$He exhibits a variety of topological defects which can be detected with single-defect…
We discuss the origin of topological defects in phase transitions and analyze their role as a "diagnostic tool" in the study of the non-equilibrium dynamics of symmetry breaking. Homogeneous second order phase transitions are the focus of…
Spin-mass vortices have been observed to form in rotating superfluid 3He-B following the absorption of a thermal neutron and a rapid transition from the normal to superfluid state. The spin-mass vortex is a composite defect which consists…
It is shown that superfluids in two and three dimensions which have time reversal invariant ground states have phases which are distinguished by a topological invariant. Further, it is shown that the B-phase of $^3$ He is a superfluid in…
We discuss the phase diagram and properties of global vortices in the non-Hermitian parity-time-symmetric relativistic model possessing two interacting scalar complex fields. The phase diagram contains stable PT-symmetric regions and…
We consider quantized vortices in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates and three-component Fermi gases with attractive interactions. In these systems, the vortex core can be either empty (normal in the fermion case) or filled with…
The formation and dynamics of topological defects of different structure has been of central interest in the study of the 3He superfluids. Compared to superfluid 4He-II, the variability of the important parameters with temperature and…
Many quantum condensed matter systems are strongly correlated and strongly interacting fermionic systems, which cannot be treated perturbatively. However, topology allows us to determine generic features of their fermionic spectrum, which…
Lars Onsager and Richard Feynman envisioned that the three-dimensional (3D) superfluid-to-normal $\lambda$ transition in $^{4}$He occurs through the proliferation of vortices. This process should hold for every phase transition in the same…
The single vortex problem in a strongly correlated bosonic system is investigated self-consistently within the mean-field theory of the Bose-Hubbard model. Near the superfluid-Mott transition, the vortex core has a tendency toward the…
We present a series of examples designed to clarify the formalism of the companion paper `Embedded Vortices'. After summarising this formalism in a prescriptive sense, we run through several examples: firstly, deriving the embedded defect…
We study the spectrum of fermion states localized within the vortex core of a weak-coupling p-wave superfluid. The low energy spectrum consists of two anomalous branches that cross the Fermi level as functions of the impact parameter, and…
Vortex lines affect the spatial order-parameter distribution in superfluid 3He-B owing to superflow circulating around vortex cores and due to the interaction of the order parameter in the core and in the bulk as a result of superfluid…