相关论文: Vortex-Antivortex Pair Production in a First Order…

Zurek suggested [Nature 317 (1985) 505] that the Kibble mechanism, through which topological defects such as cosmic strings are believed to have been created in the early Universe, can also result in the formation of topological defects in…

Topological defects such as quantized vortices are one of the most striking manifestations of the superfluid nature of Bose-Einstein condensates and typical examples of quantum mechanical phenomena on a macroscopic scale. Here we…

In binary superfluid counterflow systems, vortex nucleation arises as a consequence of hydrodynamic instabilities when the coupling coefficient and counterflow velocity exceed the critical value. When dealing with two identical components,…

An apparatus for producing atomic-gas Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) of 87-Rb atoms is described. The apparatus produces 87-Rb BECs in a dual-chamber vacuum system that incorporates magnetic transport of trapped atoms from the…

Using both analytical arguments and detailed numerical evidence we show that the first order transition in the type-I 2D Abelian Higgs model can be understood in terms of the statistical mechanics of vortices, which behave in this regime as…

We report observations of vortex formation as a result of merging together multiple $^{87}$Rb Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in a confining potential. In this experiment, a trapping potential is partitioned into three sections by a…

Our understanding of the mechanism by which topological defects are formed in symmetry breaking phase transitions has recently changed. We examine the non-equilibrium dynamics of defect formation for weakly-coupled global O(N) theories…

A new mechanism of black hole formation in a first order phase transition is proposed. In vacuum bubble collisions the interaction of bubble walls leads to the formation of nontrivial vacuum configuration. The consequent collapse of this…

Formation and evolution of topological defects in course of non-equilibrium symmetry breaking phase transitions is of wide interest in many areas of physics, from cosmology through condensed matter to low temperature physics. Its study in…

A study is presented of classical field configurations describing nonabelian vortices in two spatial dimensions, when a global \( SO(3) \) symmetry is spontaneously broken to a discrete group \( \IK \) isomorphic to the group of integers…

Systems passing through quantum critical points at finite rates have a finite probability of undergoing transitions between different eigenstates of the instantaneous Hamiltonian. This mechanism was proposed by Kibble as the underlying…

We propose very general vortex nucleation mechanisms analogous to a hydrodynamic instability and calculate associated critical velocity in agreement with experiments. The creation of vortices via extrinsic mechanism is driven by a formation…

Classical defects (monopoles, vortices, etc.) are a characteristic consequence of many phase transitions of quantum fields. We show a model in which the onset of classical probability distributions, for the long-wavelength modes at early…

In cosmological first-order phase transitions, the progress of true-vacuum bubbles is expected to be significantly retarded by the interaction between the bubble wall and the hot plasma. We examine the evolution and collision of slow-moving…

Traversing a continuous phase transition at a finite rate leads to the breakdown of adiabatic dynamics and the formation of topological defects, as predicted by the celebrated Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM). We investigate universal…

We study the real-time dynamics of vortex lines in a large elongated Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of sodium atoms using a stroboscopic technique. Vortices are spontaneously produced via the Kibble-Zurek mechanism in a quench across the…

We propose a novel mechanism for production of baryonic asymmetry in the early Universe. The mechanism takes advantage of the strong first order phase transition that produces runaway bubbles in the hidden sector that propagate almost…

We studied formation of vortex with four-fold symmetry in a minimal model of self-propelled particles, confined inside a squared box, using computer simulations and also theoretical analysis. In addition to the vortex pattern, we observed…

Symmetry breaking phase transitions from less to more ordered phases will typically produce topological defects in the ordered phase. Kibble-Zurek theory predicts that for any second-order phase transition, such as the early universe, the…

When a system consisting of many interacting particles is set rotating, it may form vortices. This is familiar to us from every-day life: you can observe vortices while stirring your coffee or watching a hurricane. In the world of quantum…