相关论文: Phonons as Goldstone Bosons
Phonons diffraction and interference patterns are observed at the atomic scale, using molecular dynamics simulations in systems containing crystalline silicon and nanometric obstacles as voids or amorphous-inclusions. The diffraction…
We investigate spontaneous symmetry breaking in Lorentz-noninvariant theories. Our general discussion includes relativistic systems at finite density as well as intrinsically nonrelativistic systems. The main result of the paper is a direct…
Exact discrete symmetries, if non-linearly realized, can reduce the ultraviolet sensitivity of a given theory. The scalars stemming from spontaneous symmetry breaking are massive without breaking the discrete symmetry, and those masses are…
In the standard model with electroweak symmetry breaking through the Higgs mechanism, electroweak gauge-boson scattering amplitudes are large if the Higgs boson is heavy, and electroweak gauge interactions become strong. In theories with…
We analyze the effects of finite chemical potential on spontaneous breaking of internal symmetries within the class of relativistic field theories described by the linear sigma model. Special attention is paid to the emergence of…
Black holes and gravitational waves are consequences of the nonlinear character of the Einstein equations. Yet, the remarkable properties of General Relativity point to the existence of other effects. Here we uncover new nonlinear facets of…
We argue that a $SO(d)$ magnetic monopole in an asymptotically AdS space-time is dual to a $d$-dimensional strongly coupled system in a solid state. In light of this, it would be remiss of us not to dub such a field configuration $solidon$.…
Recently, a condition is derived for a nontrivial solution of the Schwinger-Dyson equation to be accompanied by a Goldstone bound state in a special quantum electrodynamics model. This result is extended and a new form of the Goldstone…
In addition to fundamental symmetries playing a crucial role for establishing the Standard Model of fundamental interactions, approximate symmetries provide essential insight into the respective phenomena and shed light on the underlying…
Spontaneous symmetry breaking in quantum field theories at non-zero temperature still holds fundamental open questions, in particular what happens to vacuum Goldstone bosons when the temperature is increased. By investigating a complex…
We address the two-dimensional band-structure of graphene above the vacuum level in the context of discrete states immersed in the three-dimensional continuum. Scattering resonances are discovered that originate from the coupling of the…
It is suggested that Goldstone bosons may be masquerading as fractional cosmic neutrinos, contributing about 0.39 to what is reported as the effective number of neutrino types in the era before recombination. The broken symmetry associated…
Phonons are ubiquitous quasiparticles in solid state systems describing the quantized vibrations of a crystal lattice. Phonons play a central role in a wide range of physical phenomena, from transport to symmetry-breaking orders, such as…
We investigate a simple toy model of particle scattering in the flat spacetime limit of an analogue-gravity model. The analogue-gravity medium is treated as a scalar field of phonons that obeys the Klein-Gordon equation and thus admits a…
In calculations to date [1,2] of multi-layer stacks of dipolar condensates, created in one-dimensional optical lattices, the condensates have been assumed to be two-dimensional. In a real experiment, however, the condensates do not extend…
Atomic undercoordination, charge injection, mechanical and thermal activation mediate the properties of a material intrinsically by bond relaxation from one equilibrium to another while the phonon spectrometrics probes the ever-unexpected…
We derive soft theorems for theories in which time symmetries -- symmetries that involve the transformation of time, an example of which are Lorentz boosts -- are spontaneously broken. The soft theorems involve unequal-time correlation…
We study the emergence of Nambu-Goldstone modes due to broken translation symmetry in field theory. Purely spontaneous breaking yields a massless phonon which develops a mass upon introducing a perturbative explicit breaking. The…
In this paper, we show that a simple generalization of the holographic axion model can realize spontaneous breaking of translational symmetry by considering a special gauge-axion higher derivative term. The finite real part and imaginary…
The existence of a Goldstone boson is demonstrated in chiral random matrix theory. After determining the effective coupling and calculating the scalar and pseudoscalar propagators, a random phase approximation summation reveals the massless…