相关论文: Soft interactions at high energy

Energy is no doubt an intuitive concept. Following a previous analysis on the nature of elementary particles and associated elementary quantum fields, the peculiar status and role of energy is scrutinised further at elementary and larger…

This short communication analyzes the importance of resolving meso-scale structure in a complex system with multi-scale structure. Similar mechanisms for the formation of meso-scale structures in different systems are found and a general…

We consider spin systems between a finite number $N$ of "species" or "phases" partitioning a cubic lattice $\mathbb{Z}^d$. We suppose that interactions between points of the same phase are coercive, while between point of different phases…

Soft materials, such as liquids, polymers, foams, gels, colloids, granular materials, and most soft biological materials, play an important role in our daily lives. From a mechanical viewpoint, soft materials can easily achieve large…

We discuss the subtle interplay between strong and weak CP phases that has often been ignored in the literature. We also point out the potentially important role that it plays in various models.

Complex processes often arise from sequences of simpler interactions involving a few particles at a time. These interactions, however, may not be directly accessible to experiments. Here we develop the first efficient method for unravelling…

We discuss the relationships between large deviations in stochastic systems, and "effective interactions" that induce particular rare events. We focus on the nature of these effective interactions in physical systems with many interacting…

Recent developments in the area of soft interactions and multiparticle correlations are reviewed, including higher harmonic flows conjectured to result from the initial-state geometry which might coincide with some jet-like correlation…

In this paper we study new cosmological models involving new forms of non-gravitational interaction between cold dark matter and dark energy. The main purpose is to demonstrate the applicability of the forms of interaction to the problem in…

An effective Hamiltonian describing interaction between generic "fast" and a "slow" systems is obtained in the strong interaction limit. The result is applied for studying the effect of quantum phase transition as a bifurcation of the…

Many real networks feature the property of nestedness, i.e. the neighbours of nodes with a few connections are hierarchically nested within the neighbours of nodes with more connections. Despite the abstract simplicity of this notion,…

Various soft materials share some common features, such as significant entropic effect, large fluctuations, sensitivity to thermodynamic conditions, and mesoscopic characteristic spatial and temporal scales. However, no quantitative…

Living things avoid equilibrium using molecular machines. Such microscopic soft-matter objects encounter relatively large friction and fluctuations. We discuss design principles for effective molecular machine operation in this unfamiliar…

It is well known that high energy interactions as different as electron-positron annihilation, deep inelastic lepton-nucleon scattering, proton-proton interactions, and nucleus-nucleus collisions have many features in common. Based upon…

We derive a simple analytical expression for the level correlation function of an integrable system. It accounts for both the lack of correlations at smaller energy scales and for global rigidity (level number conservation) at larger…

Active particles under soft confinement such as droplets or vesicles present intriguing phenomena, as collective motion emerges alongside the deformation of the environment. A model is employed to systematically investigate droplet…

Complex systems, such as economic, social, biological, and ecological systems, usually feature interactions not only between pairwise entities but also among three or more entities. These multi-entity interactions are known as higher-order…

In this paper, we introduce the notions of I and I*-soft convergence of sequences of soft points in soft topological spaces and study some basic properties of these notions. Also we introduce the notions of I-soft limit points and I-soft…

The electromagnetic interaction is characterised by discrete states for bound systems in contrast to continuous states for unbound systems. The difference merely arises because the characteristic equations do not exhibit the same behaviour…

The logarithmic relation between interfacial separation and squeezing pressure between randomly rough surfaces, has been predicted by both theory and experiment. However, the experimental slope between interfacial separation and logarithmic…