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Existing refinement calculi provide frameworks for the stepwise development of imperative programs from specifications. This paper presents a refinement calculus for deriving logic programs. The calculus contains a wide-spectrum logic…

Logic can be made useful for programming and for databases independently of logic programming. To be useful in this way, logic has to provide a mechanism for the definition of new functions and new relations on the basis of those given in…

An attempt at unifying logic and functional programming is reported. As a starting point, we take the view that "logic programs" are not about logic but constitute inductive definitions of sets and relations. A skeletal language design…

Choice constructs are an important part of the language of logic programming, yet the study of their semantics has been a challenging task. So far, only two-valued semantics have been studied, and the different proposals for such semantics…

Logic programming, as exemplified by datalog, defines the meaning of a program as its unique smallest model: the deductive closure of its inference rules. However, many problems call for an enumeration of models that vary along some set of…

Term rewriting systems have a simple syntax and semantics and facilitate proofs of correctness. However, they are not as popular in industry or academia as imperative languages. We define a term rewriting based abstract programming language…

Modern answer set programming solvers such as CLINGO support advanced language constructs that improve the expressivity and conciseness of logic programs. Conditional literals are one such construct. They form "subformulas" that behave as…

In this paper, we explore the concept of modularity in first-order answer set programming (ASP). We introduce a new formalism called parametric modular logic programs, which allows defining subprograms with parameters and intensionality…

We provide here a computational interpretation of first-order logic based on a constructive interpretation of satisfiability w.r.t. a fixed but arbitrary interpretation. In this approach the formulas themselves are programs. This contrasts…

Our position is that logic programming is not programming in the Horn clause sublogic of classical logic, but programming in a logic of (inductive) definitions. Thus, the similarity between prototypical Prolog programs (e.g., member,…

Several formal systems, such as resolution and minimal model semantics, provide a framework for logic programming. In this paper, we will survey the use of structural proof theory as an alternative foundation. Researchers have been using…

It is well known that, under certain conditions, it is possible to split logic programs under stable model semantics, i.e. to divide such a program into a number of different "levels", such that the models of the entire program can be…

We consider a simple extension of logic programming where variables may range over goals and goals may be arguments of predicates. In this language we can write logic programs which use goals as data. We give practical evidence that, by…

Partial correctness of imperative or functional programming divides in logic programming into two notions. Correctness means that all answers of the program are compatible with the specification. Completeness means that the program produces…

The refinement calculus for logic programs is a framework for deriving logic programs from specifications. It is based on a wide-spectrum language that can express both specifications and code, and a refinement relation that models the…

Prolog's very useful expressive power is not captured by traditional logic programming semantics, due mainly to the cut and goal and clause order. Several alternative semantics have been put forward, exposing operational details of the…

Probabilistic programming is considered as a framework, in which basic components of cognitive architectures can be represented in unified and elegant fashion. At the same time, necessity of adopting some component of cognitive…

We address the problem of belief revision of logic programs, i.e., how to incorporate to a logic program P a new logic program Q. Based on the structure of SE interpretations, Delgrande et al. adapted the well-known AGM framework to logic…

Answer set programming is a prominent declarative programming paradigm used in formulating combinatorial search problems and implementing different knowledge representation formalisms. Frequently, several related and yet substantially…

Nominal logic is an extension of first-order logic which provides a simple foundation for formalizing and reasoning about abstract syntax modulo consistent renaming of bound names (that is, alpha-equivalence). This article investigates…