相关论文: Is Patent Law Technology Specific?
While patents and standards have been identified as essential driving components of innovation and market growth, the inclusion of a patent in a standard poses many difficulties. These difficulties arise from the contradicting natures of…
Patent systems vary widely in how rigorously they define and enforce inventors' rights. On one hand, formal statutes ("law on the books") set the scope of what can be patented and outline procedural safeguards. On the other hand, actual…
Innovation is slowing greatly in the pharmaceutical sector. It is considered here how part of the problem is due to overly limiting intellectual property relations in the sector. On the other hand, computing and software in particular are…
This article examines the proportion of technical knowledge that is eventually patented and discusses implications for innovation. Drawing from economic theory and information science, the study considers a continuum from raw data to…
Non-obviousness or inventive step is a general requirement for patentability in most patent law systems. An invention should be at an adequate distance beyond its prior art in order to be patented. This short paper provides an overview on a…
The present paper extends the literature investigating key drivers leading certain patents to exert a stronger influence on the subsequent technological developments (inventions) than other ones. We investigated six key determinants, as (i)…
The software community has specific definitions for terms such as "open source software," "free software," and "permissive license," but scientists proposing software development efforts to NASA are not always knowledgeable about these…
Firms' decisions to patent innovations involve a complex evaluation of costs, benefits, and strategic considerations. This article explores the economic and practical factors that influence whether companies seek patent protection. It…
Patent quality is a critical yet complex concept of interest to inventors, legal experts, and policymakers alike. This article demystifies patent quality by examining its various dimensions and definitions. It begins by discussing invention…
A key capability in managing patent applications or a patent portfolio is comparing claims to other text, e.g. a patent specification. Because the language of claims is different from language used elsewhere in the patent application or in…
This article examines the complex trade-offs inherent in the patent system, exploring whether patents truly incentivize innovation or inadvertently hinder progress. It traces the historical evolution of patent rights from their origins in…
Governing artificial intelligence (AI) inventions is a major policy concern, yet definitions and measurement remain contested. We compare four patent-based approaches reflecting distinct understandings of AI. Using US patents (1990-2019),…
Despite the increasing adoption of biometric technologies, their regulation has not kept up with the same pace, particularly with regard to safeguarding individuals' privacy and personal data. Policymakers may struggle to comprehend the…
Software security has been an important research topic over the years. The community has proposed processes and tools for secure software development and security analysis. However, a significant number of vulnerabilities remains in…
The paper discusses legal aspects relevant to the development of research software and practical approaches taken by research software engineers to deal with them. Intellectual Property Rights on software are considered alongside licensing…
Harms resulting from the development and deployment of facial processing technologies (FPT) have been met with increasing controversy. Several states and cities in the U.S. have banned the use of facial recognition by law enforcement and…
Italy lags quite behind vis-a'-vis other industrialized countries, in public to private technology transfer. One of the possible causes might be the mismatch between new knowledge supplied by public research and industry demand. We test…
There is recurrent debate about how useful science is for technological development, but we know little about what kinds of science are more useful for technology. This paper fills this gap in the literature by exploring how the value of a…
Natural language processing techniques have helped domain experts solve legal problems. Digital availability of court documents increases possibilities for researchers, who can access them as a source for building datasets -- whose…
[Context and motivation]: Understanding and interpreting regulatory norms and inferring software requirements from them is a critical step towards regulatory compliance, a matter of significant importance in various industrial sectors.…