相关论文: Fluctuation - induced forces in critical fluids
Fluctuating hydrodynamics is used to describe the total energy fluctuations of a freely evolving gas of inelastic hard spheres near the threshold of the clustering instability. They are shown to be governed by vorticity fluctuations only,…
Continuously measured quantum systems are characterized by an output current, in the form of a stochastic and correlated time series which conveys crucial information about the underlying quantum system. The many tools used to describe…
Correlations in fluids in nonequilibrium steady states are long ranged. Hence, finite-size effects have important consequences in the nonequilibrium thermodynamics of fluids. One consequence is that nonequilibrium temperature fluctuations…
We propose an effective field theory describing the time dependent fluctuations of electrons in conducting systems, generalizing the well known kinetic theory of fluctuations. On several examples, we show its equivalence, (when quantum…
A systematic study of the relations between fluctuations of the extensive multiparticle variables and integrals of the inclusive multipaticle densities is analysed. The generalized factorial moments are introduced and their physical meaning…
We derive a new fluctuation-dissipation relation for non-equilibrium systems with long-term memory. We show how this relation allows one to access new experimental information regarding active forces in living cells that cannot otherwise be…
We summarize the present status of the theories of spin fluctuations in dealing with the anomalous or non-Fermi liquid behavior and unconventional superconductivity in strongly correlated electron systems around their magnetic instabilities…
Dispersion forces between neutral material bodies are due to fluctuations of the polarization of the bodies. For bodies in equilibrium these forces are often referred to as Casimir-Lifshitz forces. For bodies in relative motion, in addition…
The paper presents a unified approach to different fluctuation relations for classical nonequilibrium dynamics described by diffusion processes. Such relations compare the statistics of fluctuations of the entropy production or work in the…
The past twenty years have seen a resurgence of interest in nonequilibrium thermodynamics, thanks to advances in the theory of stochastic processes and in their thermodynamic interpretation. Fluctuation theorems provide fundamental…
These lecture notes provide an elementary introduction, within the framework of finite quantum systems, to recent developments in the theory of entropic fluctuations.
We discuss the non-equilibrium critical phenomena in liquids, and the models for these phenomena based on local equilibrium and extended scaling assumptions. Special situations are proposed for experimental tests of the theory.…
We suggest to perform systematic measurements of the elliptic flow fluctuations which are sensitive to the early stage dynamics of heavy-ion collisions at high-energies. Significant flow fluctuations are shown to be generated due to the…
We have numerically investigated the behavior of driven non-cohesive granular media and found that two fixed large intruder particles, immersed in a sea of small particles, experience, in addition to a short range depletion force, a long…
We present the application of a fluctuating hydrodynamic theory to study current fluctuations in diffusive systems on a semi-infinite line in contact with a reservoir with slow coupling. We show that the distribution of the time-integrated…
Understanding the physics of non-equilibrium systems remains as one of the major open questions in statistical physics. This problem can be partially handled by investigating macroscopic fluctuations of key magnitudes that characterise the…
These lecture notes consist of two major connected parts. The first part (Sections 1, 2), after a brief historical introduction, deals with the physics of critical points in thermodynamic equilibrium. The features of the fluctuations…
Fluctuations exist in any material object $A$. If $A$ has non-zero temperature $T$, one speaks about thermal fluctuations. If $A$ is at very low $T$, the fluctuations are of quantum origin. Interesting effects appear if two bodies $A$ and…
A synthetic fluid dynamo built in the spirit of the Bullard device [E. C. Bullard, Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc., 51, 744 (1955)] is investigated. It is a two-step dynamo in which one process stems from the fluid turbulence, while the other part…
A review of some recent results and ideas about the expected behaviour of large chaotic systems and fluids.