相关论文: Tunneling with dissipation in open quantum systems

Using the phenomenological quantum friction models introduced by Caldirola-Kanai, Kostin, and Albrecht, we study quantum tunneling of a one-dimensional potential in the presence of energy dissipation. To this end, we calculate the tunneling…

The decay rates of quasistable states in quantum field theories are usually calculated using instanton methods. Standard derivations of these methods rely in a crucial way upon deformations and analytic continuations of the physical…

The vacuum cavity mode induces a potential barrier and a well when an ultra-slow excited atom enters the interaction region so that it can be reflected or transmitted with a certain probability. We demonstrate here that a slow-velocity…

We apply the large-deviation method to study trajectories in dissipative quantum systems. We show that in the long time limit the statistics of quantum jumps can be understood from thermodynamic arguments by exploiting the analogy between…

Using a time operator, we define a tunneling time for a particle going through a barrier. This tunneling time is the average of the phase time introduced by other authors. In addition to the delay time caused by the resonances over the…

Quantum tunneling, a phenomenon which has no counterpart in classical physics, is the quantum-mechanical process by which a microscopic particle can transition through a potential barrier even when the energy of the incident particle is…

We consider a phase-coherent system of two parallel quantum wires that are coupled via a tunneling barrier of finite length. The usual perturbative treatment of tunneling fails in this case, even in the diffusive limit, once the length L of…

Quantum tunneling remains unexplored in many regimes of many-body quantum physics, including the effect of quantum phase transitions on tunneling dynamics. In general, the quantum phase is a statement about the ground state and has no…

The decay of quantum complex systems through a potential barrier is often described with transition-state theory, also known as RRKM theory in chemistry. Here we derive the basic formula for transition-state theory based on a generic…

Quantum tunneling between two potential wells in a magnetic field can be strongly increased when the potential barrier varies in the direction perpendicular to the line connecting the two wells and remains constant along this line. A…

Landau-Zener tunneling, which describes the transition in a two-level system during a sweep through an anti-crossing, is a model applicable to a wide range of physical phenomena. Realistic quantum systems are affected by dissipation due to…

Tunneling is a fascinating aspect of quantum mechanics that renders the local minima of a potential meta-stable, with important consequences for particle physics, for the early hot stage of the universe, and more speculatively, for the…

We measure tunneling through a single quantum level in a carbon nanotube quantum dot connected to resistive metal leads. For the electrons tunneling to/from the nanotube, the leads serve as a dissipative environment, which suppresses the…

Quantum tunneling allows electrons to be transferred between two regions separated by an energetically forbidden barrier. Performing a position measurement that finds a particle in the barrier forces the tunneling electrons to transition…

We investigate the problem of what evolutions an open quantum system described by a time-local Master equation can undergo with universal coherent controls. A series of conditions are given which exclude channels from being reachable by any…

Recent experiments on macroscopic quantum tunneling reveal a non-exponential decay of the number of atoms trapped in a quasibound state behind a potential barrier. Through both experiment and theory, we demonstrate this non-exponential…

We present measurements of the rates for an electron to tunnel on and off a quantum dot, obtained using a quantum point contact charge sensor. The tunnel rates show exponential dependence on drain-source bias and plunger gate voltages. The…

We study quantum tunneling of a composite object, which has a dipole or quadrupole moment coupled with quantized (photon or gravitational) radiation field, through a {\delta} potential barrier. The dipole or quadrupole moment is represented…

Usually one finds that dissipation tends to make a quantum system more classical in nature. In this paper we study the effect of momentum dissipation on a quantum system. The momentum of the particle is coupled bilinearly to the momenta of…

There remains the old question of how long a quantum particle takes to tunnel through a potential barrier higher than its incident kinetic energy. In this article a solution of the question is proposed on the basis of a realistic…