相关论文: Buckling Bars and Boxy Bulges

Galactic bars are unstable to a vertical buckling instability which heats the disk and in some cases forms a boxy/peanut shaped bulge. We analyze the buckling instability as an application of classical Euler buckling followed by nonlinear…

Our knowledge on the central components of disk galaxies has grown substantially in the past few decades, particularly so in the last. This frantic activity and the complexity of the subject promote confusion in the community. In these…

Vertically thickened bars, observed in the form of boxy/peanut (B/P) bulges, are found in the majority of massive barred disc galaxies in the local Universe, including our own. B/P bulges indicate that their host bars have suffered violent…

Based on the spectral analysis of individual orbits of stars from different $N$-body models, we show that the face-on morphology of the so-called `face-on peanut' bars (boxy bars) and barlenses is supported by different types of orbits. For…

Double bars are thought to be important features for secular evolution in the central regions of galaxies. However, observational evidence about their origin and evolution is still scarce. We report on the discovery of the first Box-Peanut…

We present families, and sets of families, of periodic orbits that provide building blocks for boxy and peanut (hereafter b/p) edge-on profiles. We find cases where the b/p profile is confined to the central parts of the model and cases…

Bar driven secular evolution plays a key role in changing the morphology and kinematics of disk galaxies, leading to the formation of rapidly rotating boxy/peanut bulges. If these disk galaxies also hosted a preexisting classical bulge, how…

Until now, observations have caught up only a handful of galaxies in ongoing buckling action. Interestingly, N-body simulations over the past several decades show that almost every bar buckles or vertically thickens as soon as it reaches…

Boxy/Peanut/X-shaped (B/P/X) bulges are studied using the 3.6 mum images from the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies, and the K_s-band images from the Near-IR S0 galaxy Survey. They are compared with the properties of…

We use high resolution collisionless $N$-body simulations to study the secular evolution of disk galaxies and in particular the final properties of disks that suffer a bar and perhaps a bar-buckling instability. Although we find that bars…

We investigate whether the formation mechanism of boxy and peanut-shaped (B/PS) bulges could depend on the gas content of the galaxy. We have performed N-body simulations with and without a gaseous component. In the second case star…

We examine the effects that the modelling of a Boxy/Peanut (B/P) bulge will have on the estimates of the stellar gravitational potential, forces, orbital structure and bar strength of barred galaxies. We present a method for obtaining the…

We investigated the properties of boxy/peanut-shaped (B/PS) bulges in a sample of 71 galaxies from the Edge-on Galaxies in the Pan-STARRS Survey (EGIPS) and 20 simulated galaxies from Illustris TNG50 using multicomponent photometric…

Evolution of stellar bars in disk galaxies is accompanied by dynamical instabilities and secular changes. Following the vertical buckling instability, the bars are known to weaken dramatically and develop a pronounced boxy/peanut shape when…

Major-axis long-slit stellar kinematics was obtained for 30 edge-on spiral galaxies, 24 with a boxy/peanut-shaped (B/PS) bulge. B/PS bulges are present in >45% of highly inclined systems and much work suggests that they are the edge-on…

Recent data from the VVV survey have strengthened evidence for a structural change in the Galactic bulge inwards of |l|<=4 deg. Here we show with an N-body barred galaxy simulation that a boxy bulge formed through the bar and buckling…

Many strong simulated galactic bars experience buckling instability, which manifests itself as a vertical distortion out of the disk plane, and later dissipates. Using a simulation of an isolated Milky Way-like galaxy, I demonstrate that…

Kn-band images, unsharp-masked images, as well as major-axis and vertically- summed surface brightness profiles are presented for 30 edge-on spiral galaxies, most with a boxy or peanut-shaped (B/PS) bulge. Such galaxies have more complex…

The inclination of M31 is too close to edge-on for a bar component to be easily recognised and is not sufficiently edge-on for a boxy/peanut bulge to protrude clearly out of the equatorial plane. Nevertheless, a sufficient number of clues…

The bar structure in disk galaxies models is formed by different families of orbits; however, it is not clear how these families of orbits support the bar throughout its secular evolution. Here, we analyze the orbital structure on three…