相关论文: Properties of Extensive Air Showers
Hadronic showers are characterized by a rich particle structure in the spatial as well as in the time domain. The prompt component comes from relativistic fragments that deposit energy at the ns scale, while late components are associated…
In this study, the necessity of the simulation study for exploring the interactions of ultra-high energy particles cosmic rays was examined. Different hadronic interaction models such as (SIBYLL, QGSJET, and EPOS) were simulated by using…
We briefly discuss how the wetting properties of a fluid/solid interface can indirectly influence the diffusion properties of fluid confined between two solid walls. This influence is related to the variability of the hydrodynamic boundary…
The characteristics of irradiated solar system planetary atmospheres have been studied for decades, consequently modern planetary science benefits from an exhaustive body of ground- and space-based data. The study of extrasolar planetary…
The long-range contribution to dispersion forces is known to have a major impact on the properties of inhomogeneous fluids, and its correct treatment is increasingly recognized as being a necessary requirement to avoid cutoff-related…
We explore the sensitivity offered by a global network of cosmic ray detectors to a novel, unobserved phenomena: widely separated simultaneous extended air showers. Existing localized observatories work independently to observe individual…
The aim of this paper is to show the influence of the atmospheric boundary layer profile on the distribution of velocity in a building having two large openings. The knowledge of the flow form inside a building is useful to define a thermal…
Measuring radio emission from air showers provides excellent opportunities to directly measure all air shower properties, including the shower development. To exploit this in large-scale experiments, a simple and analytic parameterization…
We note that the new unitarity regime when scattering amplitude goes beyond the black disc limit (antishadowing) could help in the explanation of the regularities such as knee in the energy spectrum, existence of penetrating and long-flying…
We describe the measurement of the depth of maximum, Xmax, of the longitudinal development of air showers induced by cosmic rays. Almost four thousand events above 10^18 eV observed by the fluorescence detector of the Pierre Auger…
Studies of the influence of different hadronic models on extensive air showers at ultra-high energies are presented. The hadronic models considered are those implemented in the well-known QGSJET and SIBYLL event generators. The different…
Most dusty winds are described by a set of similarity functions of a single independent variable that can be chosen as the overall optical depth at visual. The self-similarity implies general scaling relations among the system parameters,…
This short report details the mathematical properties of the stretched exponential function and some of its applications in materials science. G(tau) distributions for different values of the stretching parameter beta are provided.
The present work pursues the aim to draw attention to unique possibilities of the skew-symmetric differential forms. At present the theory of skew-symmetric exterior differential forms that possess invariant properties has been developed.…
In this paper we review air shower data related to the mass composition of cosmic rays above 10$^{15}$ eV. After explaining the basic relations between air shower observables and the primary mass and energy of cosmic rays, we present…
Very high energy gamma-ray astronomy based on the measurement of air shower particles at ground-level has only recently been established as a viable approach, complementing the well established air Cherenkov technique. This approach…
We investigate the possibility of detecting extensive air showers by the radar technique. Considering a bistatic radar system and different shower geometries, we simulate reflection of radio waves off the static plasma produced by the…
We investigate the feasibility of detecting extensive air showers via their geo-synchrotron X-ray emission from high-altitude platforms. Starting from first principles, we derive a differential expression for the number of emitted photons…
We present a parameterized model of atmospheric particle showers initiated by cosmic rays. Few physics shower parameters are tuned in a comparison to the Conex generator. Resulting shower properties are studied, with a comment on the cases…
A quasar wind model is proposed to describe the spatial and velocity structure of the broad line region. This model requires detailed photoionization and magnetohydrodynamic simulation, as the broad line region it too small for direct…