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In the standard model of core accretion, the cores of the giant planets form by the accretion of planetesimals. In this scenario, the evolution of the planetesimal population plays an important role in the formation of massive cores.…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-07-15 O. M. Guilera , D. Swoboda , Y. Alibert , G. C. de Elía , P. J. Santamaría , A. Brunini

Observations of extrasolar planets reveal that planets can be found in close binary systems, where the semi-major axis of the binary orbit is less than 20 AU. The existence of these planets challenges planet formation theory, because the…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 S. -J. Paardekooper , P. Thebault , G. Mellema

(abridged) Accretion in protoplanetary discs is thought to be driven by [...] turbulence via the magnetorotational instability (MRI). Recent work has shown that a planetesimal swarm embedded in a fully turbulent disc is subject to strong…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2011-06-23 Oliver Gressel , Richard P. Nelson , Neal J. Turner

One of first the stages of planet formation is the growth of small planetesimals and their accumulation into large planetesimals and planetary embryos. This early stage occurs much before the dispersal of most of the gas from the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-04-06 Evgeni Grishin , Hagai B. Perets

I attempt to summarize our knowledge of planet formation in evolving protoplanetary discs. I first review the physics of disc evolution and dispersal. For most of the disc lifetime evolution is driven by accretion and photoevaporation, and…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-16 Richard Alexander

Galaxy disks are characterised by star formation histories that vary systematically along the Hubble sequence. We study global star formation, incorporating supernova feedback, gas accretion and enriched outflows in disks modelled by a…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 Marios Kampakoglou , Joseph Silk

I review the processes that shape the evolution of protoplanetary discs around young, solar-mass stars. I first discuss observations of protoplanetary discs, and note in particular the constraints these observations place on models of disc…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2008-11-26 Richard Alexander

The presence of an early-formed giant planet in the protoplanetary disk has mixed influence on the growth of other planetary embryos. Gravitational perturbation from the planet can increase the relative velocities of planetesimals at the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-08-31 Kangrou Guo , Eiichiro Kokubo

Disk galaxies evolve over time through processes that may rearrange both the radial mass profile and the metallicity distribution within the disk. This review of such slow changes is largely, though not entirely, restricted to…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-17 J. A. Sellwood

The formation of a solar system is believed to have followed a multi-stage process around a protostar. Whipple first noted that planetesimal growth by particle agglomeration is strongly influenced by gas drag; there is a "bottleneck" at the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-03-13 J. S. Wettlaufer

We investigate the orbital evolution of planetesimals in the inner disk in the presence of nebula gas and a (proto-) cold Jupiter. By varying the mass, eccentricity, and semi-major axis of the planet, we study the dependence of the relative…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-09-26 Kangrou Guo , Eiichiro Kokubo

Circumstellar disks have long been regarded as windows into planetary systems. The advent of high sensitivity, high resolution imaging in the submillimetre where both the solid and gas components of disks can be detected opens up new…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-03-23 Brenda C. Matthews , JJ Kavelaars

Context. The classical "planetesimal" accretion scenario for the formation of planets has recently evolved with the idea that "pebbles", centimeter- to meter-sized icy grains migrating in protoplanetary disks, can control planetesimal…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-06-22 Shigeru Ida , Tristan Guillot , Alessandro Morbidelli

We investigate the survival of planetesimal discs over Gyr timescales, using a unified approach that is applicable to all Keplerian discs of solid bodies -- dust grains, asteroids, planets, etc. Planetesimal discs can be characterized…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-14 Kevin Heng , Scott Tremaine

Planet formation around one component of a tight, eccentric binary system such as $\gamma$ Cephei (with semimajor axis around 20 AU) is theoretically challenging because of destructive high-velocity collisions between planetesimals. Despite…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-08-18 Kedron Silsbee , Roman R. Rafikov

In the core accretion scenario, gas giant planets are formed form solid cores with several Earth masses via gas accretion. We investigate the formation of such cores via collisional growth from kilometer-sized planetesimals in turbulent…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-08-08 Hiroshi Kobayashi , Hidekazu Tanaka

Sufficiently massive growing giant planets have circumplanetary disks, and the capture of solid bodies by the disks would likely influence the growth of the planets and formation of satellite systems around them. In addition to dust…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-05-25 Ryo Suetsugu , Keiji Ohtsuki , Tetsuya Fujita

The growth of small planetesimals into large planetary embryos occurs much before the dispersal of the gas from the protoplanetary disk. The planetesimal - gaseous-disk interactions give rise to migration and orbital evolution of the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-09-23 Evgeni Grishin , Hagai B. Perets

An unsolved issue in the standard core accretion model for gaseous planet formation is how kilometre-sized planetesimals form from, initially, micron-sized dust grains. Solid growth beyond metre sizes can be difficult both because the…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 W. K. M. Rice , G. Lodato , J. E. Pringle , P. J. Armitage , I. A. Bonnell

Over the course of last decade, the Nice model has dramatically changed our view of the solar system's formation and early evolution. Within the context of this model, a transient period of planet-planet scattering is triggered by…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-06-07 Siteng Fan , Konstantin Batygin