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Finite-state transducers (FSTs) are frequently used in speech recognition. Transducer composition is an essential operation for combining different sources of information at different granularities. However, composition is also one of the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-10-07 Shubho Sengupta , Vineel Pratap , Awni Hannun

Photo-acoustic Tomography (PAT) and Thermo-acoustic Tomography (TAT) are medical imaging modalities that combine the high contrast of radiative properties of tissues with the high resolution of ultrasound. In both modalities, a first step…

医学物理 · 物理学 2012-02-15 Guillaume Bal

Simulating the long-term dynamics of multi-scale and multi-physics systems poses a significant challenge in understanding complex phenomena across science and engineering. The complexity arises from the intricate interactions between scales…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-22 Da Long , Shandian Zhe , Samuel Williams , Leonid Oliker , Zhe Bai

Scatter can account for large errors in cone-beam CT (CBCT) due to its wide field of view, and its complicated nature makes its compensation difficult. Iterative polyenergetic reconstruction algorithms offer the potential to provide…

医学物理 · 物理学 2020-01-13 Jonathan H. Mason , Alessandro Perelli , William H. Nailon , Mike E. Davies

Under extreme operating conditions, characterized by high particle multiplicity and heavily overlapping shower energy deposits, classical particle flow algorithms encounter pronounced limitations in resolution, efficiency, and accuracy. To…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2025-05-13 Yu Wang , Yangguang Zhang , Shengxiang Lin , Xingyi Zhang , Han Zhang

Electronic band structure (BS) and crystal structure are the two complementary identifiers of solid state materials. While convenient instruments and reconstruction algorithms have made large, empirical, crystal structure databases…

Reconstructing charged particle tracks is a fundamental task in modern collider experiments. The unprecedented particle multiplicities expected at the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) pose significant challenges for track…

高能物理 - 实验 · 物理学 2025-12-16 Samuel Van Stroud , Philippa Duckett , Max Hart , Nikita Pond , Sébastien Rettie , Gabriel Facini , Tim Scanlon

Efficient and accurate algorithms are necessary to reconstruct particles in the highly granular detectors anticipated at the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider and the Future Circular Collider. We study scalable machine learning models…

数据分析、统计与概率 · 物理学 2024-07-17 Joosep Pata , Eric Wulff , Farouk Mokhtar , David Southwick , Mengke Zhang , Maria Girone , Javier Duarte

Accurate and reliable energy time series prediction is of great significance for power generation planning and allocation. At present, deep learning time series prediction has become the mainstream method. However, the multi-scale time…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-08 Wei Li , Zixin Wang , Qizheng Sun , Qixiang Gao , Fenglei Yang

Transmission Electron Microscopy enables high-resolution imaging of materials, but the resulting images are difficult to interpret directly. One way to address this is exit wave reconstruction, i.e., the recovery of the complex-valued…

数值分析 · 数学 2025-11-11 Moussa Atwi , Benjamin Berkels

The electrical property (EP) of human tissues is a quantitative biomarker that facilitates early diagnosis of cancerous tissues. Magnetic resonance electrical properties tomography (MREPT) is an imaging modality that reconstructs EPs by the…

医学物理 · 物理学 2022-05-27 Adan Jafet Garcia Inda , Shao Ying Huang , Nevrez İmamoğlu , Wenwei Yu

A method is described for the reconstruction of the amplitude and phase of the object exit wave function by phase-plate transmission electron microscopy. The proposed method can be considered as in-line holography and requires three images,…

材料科学 · 物理学 2017-05-24 B. Gamm , M. Dries , K. Schultheiss , H. Blank , A. Rosenauer , R. R. Schröder , D. Gerthsen

Photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) is an emerging computed imaging modality that exploits optical contrast and ultrasonic detection principles to form images of the absorbed optical energy density within tissue. If the object…

医学物理 · 物理学 2017-09-08 Joemini Poudel , Thomas P. Matthews , Lei Li , Mark A. Anastasio , Lihong V. Wang

Electron ptychography describes a family of algorithms which are used to enable the reconstruction of complex specimen transmission functions of a sample in order to obtain both phase and amplitude information, as applied within the realms…

光学 · 物理学 2025-03-17 L. Clark , P. D. Nellist

We explore the mathematical and numerical aspects of reconstructing a potential energy profile of a molecular bond from its rupture time distribution. While reliable reconstruction of gross attributes, such as the height and the width of an…

统计力学 · 物理学 2015-05-18 Pak-Wing Fok , Tom Chou

Feature transformation plays a critical role in enhancing machine learning model performance by optimizing data representations. Recent state-of-the-art approaches address this task as a continuous embedding optimization problem, converting…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-29 Yang Gao , Dongjie Wang , Scott Piersall , Ye Zhang , Liqiang Wang

SPECT (Single-photon Emission Computerized Tomography) and PET (Positron Emission Tomography) are essential medical imaging tools, for which the sampling angle number, scan time should be chosen carefully to compromise between image quality…

医学物理 · 物理学 2015-06-16 Xiaolin Zhou , Minkai Yun , Xuexiang Cao , Shuangquan Liu , Lu Wang , Xianchao Huang , Long Wei

Signal reconstruction through software processing is a crucial component of the background and signal models in the PandaX-4T experiment, which is a multi-tonne dark matter direct search experiment. The accuracy of signal reconstruction is…

Wall-bounded turbulent flows can be challenging to measure within experiments due to the breadth of spatial and temporal scales inherent in such flows. Instrumentation capable of obtaining time-resolved data (e.g., Hot-Wire Anemometers)…

流体动力学 · 物理学 2021-09-15 Mengying Wang , C. Vamsi Krishna , Mitul Luhar , Maziar S. Hemati

Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT) is an imaging method that tracks individual radioactive particles. PEPT relies on the detection of back-to-back photon pairs emitted by positron annihilation. It requires an algorithm to locate the…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2021-08-25 Sam Manger , Antoine Renaud , Jacques Vanneste