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Aligning Vision-Language Models (VLMs) with safety standards is essential to mitigate risks arising from their multimodal complexity, where integrating vision and language unveils subtle threats beyond the reach of conventional safeguards.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Menglan Chen , Xianghe Pang , Jingjing Dong , WenHao Wang , Yaxin Du , Siheng Chen

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have significantly improved problem-solving through explicit Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning. However, this capability creates a Safety-Helpfulness Paradox: the reasoning process itself can be misused to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Xin Gao , Shaohan Yu , Zerui Chen , Yueming Lyu , Weichen Yu , Guanghao Li , Jiyao Liu , Jianxiong Gao , Jian Liang , Ziwei Liu , Chenyang Si

As LLMs become widespread across diverse applications, concerns about the security and safety of LLM interactions have intensified. Numerous guardrail models and benchmarks have been developed to ensure LLM content safety. However, existing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Mintong Kang , Zhaorun Chen , Chejian Xu , Jiawei Zhang , Chengquan Guo , Minzhou Pan , Ivan Revilla , Yu Sun , Bo Li

While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance in surface-level text generation, their nature in handling complex multi-step reasoning tasks often remains one of ``statistical fitting'' rather than systematic logical…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Lianlei Shan , Han Chen , Yixuan Wang , Zhenjie Liu , Wei Li

Intelligent software systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in critical sectors, raising concerns about their safety during runtime. Through an industry-academic collaboration when deploying an LLM-powered…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Rui Yang , Michael Fu , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Chetan Arora , Gunel Gulmammadova , Joey Chua

Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful tools for answering user queries, yet they remain highly vulnerable to jailbreak attacks. Existing guardrail methods typically rely on internal features or textual responses to detect malicious…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Zikai Zhang , Rui Hu , Olivera Kotevska , Jiahao Xu

Large reasoning models with reasoning capabilities achieve state-of-the-art performance on complex tasks, but their robustness under multi-turn adversarial pressure remains underexplored. We evaluate nine frontier reasoning models under…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Yubo Li , Ramayya Krishnan , Rema Padman

Large Language Models (LLMs) are vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that exploit weaknesses in traditional safety alignment, which often relies on rigid refusal heuristics or representation engineering to block harmful outputs. While they are…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Yuyou Zhang , Miao Li , William Han , Yihang Yao , Zhepeng Cen , Ding Zhao

Large Language Models have found success in a variety of applications. However, their safety remains a concern due to the existence of various jailbreaking methods. Despite significant efforts, alignment and safety fine-tuning only provide…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Darpan Aswal , Céline Hudelot

Reasoning Language Models (RLMs) have gained traction for their ability to perform complex, multi-step reasoning tasks through mechanisms such as Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting or fine-tuned reasoning traces. While these capabilities…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-04 Riccardo Cantini , Nicola Gabriele , Alessio Orsino , Domenico Talia

Large reasoning models (LRMs) achieved remarkable performance via chain-of-thought (CoT), but recent studies showed that such enhanced reasoning capabilities are at the expense of significantly degraded safety capabilities. In this paper,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Jianan Chen , Zhifang Zhang , Shuo He , Linan Yue , Lei Feng , Minling Zhang

Safety guardrails have become an active area of research in AI safety, aimed at ensuring the appropriate behavior of large language models (LLMs). However, existing research lacks consideration of nuances across linguistic and cultural…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Hua-Rong Chu , Kuan-Chun Wang , Yao-Te Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities, especially when guided by explicit chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning that verbalizes intermediate steps. While CoT improves both interpretability and accuracy,…

Multimodal Large Reasoning Models (MLRMs) demonstrate impressive cross-modal reasoning but often amplify safety risks under adversarial or unsafe prompts, a phenomenon we call the \textit{Reasoning Tax}. Existing defenses mainly act at the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Huahui Yi , Kun Wang , Qiankun Li , Miao Yu , Liang Lin , Gongli Xi , Hao Wu , Xuming Hu , Kang Li , Yang Liu

Single-step retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) provides an efficient way to incorporate external information for simple question answering tasks but struggles with complex questions. Agentic RAG extends this paradigm by replacing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Yijia Zheng , Marcel Worring

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success across various NLP benchmarks. However, excelling in complex tasks that require nuanced reasoning and precise decision-making demands more than raw language proficiency--LLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-24 Ang Li , Yichuan Mo , Mingjie Li , Yifei Wang , Yisen Wang

In language reasoning, longer chains of thought consistently yield better performance, which naturally suggests that visual latent reasoning may likewise benefit from longer latent sequences. However, we discover a counterintuitive…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Chenfeng Wang , Wei He , Xuhan Zhu , Chunpeng Zhou , Qizhen Li , Song Yan , Yufei Zheng , Chengjun Yu , Fan Lu , Wei Zhai , Yang Cao , Pengfei Yu , Zheng-Jun Zha

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has driven their adoption across diverse domains, yet their ability to generate harmful content poses significant safety challenges. While extensive research has focused on mitigating…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-29 Yuanzhe Shen , Zisu Huang , Zhengkang Guo , Yide Liu , Guanxu Chen , Ruicheng Yin , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are prone to off-topic misuse, where users may prompt these models to perform tasks beyond their intended scope. Current guardrails, which often rely on curated examples or custom classifiers, suffer from high…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-10 Gabriel Chua , Shing Yee Chan , Shaun Khoo

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed behind safety guardrails such as system prompts and content filters, especially in settings where product teams cannot modify model weights. In practice these guardrails are typically…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-19 Perry Abdulkadir