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The attention mechanism is an important reason for the success of transformers. It relies on computing pairwise relations between tokens. To reduce the high computational cost of standard quadratic attention, linear attention has been…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Hanno Ackermann , Hong Cai , Mohsen Ghafoorian , Amirhossein Habibian

Foundation models have transformed language, vision, and time series data analysis, yet progress on dynamic predictions for physical systems remains limited. Given the complexity of physical constraints, two challenges stand out. $(i)$…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Haoran Li , Chenhan Xiao , Lihao Mai , Yang Weng , Erik Blasch

Transformer based models are increasingly being used in various domains including recommender systems (RS). Pretrained transformer models such as BERT have shown good performance at language modelling. With the greater ability to model…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-01-03 Uzma Mushtaque

Visual data comes in various forms, ranging from small icons of just a few pixels to long videos spanning hours. Existing multi-modal LLMs usually standardize these diverse visual inputs to a fixed resolution for visual encoders and yield…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-02-28 Zuyan Liu , Yuhao Dong , Ziwei Liu , Winston Hu , Jiwen Lu , Yongming Rao

A core limitation of standard softmax attention is that it does not provide an independently interpretable measure of query--key relevance: attention scores are unbounded, while attention weights are defined only relative to competing keys.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Ken M. Nakanishi

Softmax attention is a central component of transformer architectures, yet its nonlinear structure poses significant challenges for theoretical analysis. We develop a unified, measure-based framework for studying single-layer softmax…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-15 Etienne Boursier , Claire Boyer

Current high-resolution vision-language models encode images as high-resolution image tokens and exhaustively take all these tokens to compute attention, which significantly increases the computational cost. To address this problem, we…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-30 Junyan Li , Delin Chen , Tianle Cai , Peihao Chen , Yining Hong , Zhenfang Chen , Yikang Shen , Chuang Gan

Transformer-based models have emerged as a leading architecture for natural language processing, natural language generation, and image generation tasks. A fundamental element of the transformer architecture is self-attention, which allows…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Venmugil Elango

Transformer-based video diffusion models (VDMs) deliver state-of-the-art video generation quality but are constrained by the quadratic cost of self-attention, making long sequences and high resolutions computationally expensive. While…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Mohsen Ghafoorian , Denis Korzhenkov , Amirhossein Habibian

Transformers are state-of-the-art models for a variety of sequence modeling tasks. At their core is an attention function which models pairwise interactions between the inputs at every timestep. While attention is powerful, it does not…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-03-23 Hao Peng , Nikolaos Pappas , Dani Yogatama , Roy Schwartz , Noah A. Smith , Lingpeng Kong

Attention-based models have been gaining popularity recently for their strong performance demonstrated in fields such as machine translation and automatic speech recognition. One major challenge of attention-based models is the need of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-11-17 Ching-Feng Yeh , Yongqiang Wang , Yangyang Shi , Chunyang Wu , Frank Zhang , Julian Chan , Michael L. Seltzer

A longstanding challenge for the Machine Learning community is the one of developing models that are capable of processing and learning from very long sequences of data. The outstanding results of Transformers-based networks (e.g., Large…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-15 Matteo Tiezzi , Michele Casoni , Alessandro Betti , Tommaso Guidi , Marco Gori , Stefano Melacci

Transformer-based models excel in speech recognition. Existing efforts to optimize Transformer inference, typically for long-context applications, center on simplifying attention score calculations. However, streaming speech recognition…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-22 Yang Li , Liangzhen Lai , Yuan Shangguan , Forrest N. Iandola , Zhaoheng Ni , Ernie Chang , Yangyang Shi , Vikas Chandra

Modeling attention in neural multi-source sequence-to-sequence learning remains a relatively unexplored area, despite its usefulness in tasks that incorporate multiple source languages or modalities. We propose two novel approaches to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2017-04-24 Jindřich Libovický , Jindřich Helcl

The transformer architecture is central to the success of modern Large Language Models (LLMs), in part due to its surprising ability to perform a wide range of tasks - including mathematical reasoning, memorization, and retrieval - using…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-05 Yihe Dong , Lorenzo Noci , Mikhail Khodak , Mufan Li

We propose Hymba, a family of small language models featuring a hybrid-head parallel architecture that integrates transformer attention mechanisms with state space models (SSMs) for enhanced efficiency. Attention heads provide…

Linear attention has attracted interest as a computationally efficient approximation to softmax attention, especially for long sequences. Recent studies have explored distilling softmax attention in pre-trained Transformers into linear…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Naoki Nishikawa , Rei Higuchi , Taiji Suzuki

Attention architectures are widely used; they recently gained renewed popularity with Transformers yielding a streak of state of the art results. Yet, the geometrical implications of softmax-attention remain largely unexplored. In this work…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-05-20 Oliver Richter , Roger Wattenhofer

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) recently showed strong capacity in integrating data among multiple modalities, empowered by a generalizable attention architecture. Advanced methods predominantly focus on language-centric tuning…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Zhicheng Zhang , Wuyou Xia , Chenxi Zhao , Zhou Yan , Xiaoqiang Liu , Yongjie Zhu , Wenyu Qin , Pengfei Wan , Di Zhang , Jufeng Yang

Over more than a decade there has been an extensive research effort on how to effectively utilize recurrent models and attention. While recurrent models aim to compress the data into a fixed-size memory (called hidden state), attention…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-03 Ali Behrouz , Peilin Zhong , Vahab Mirrokni