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The Universality Hypothesis in large language models (LLMs) claims that different models converge towards similar concept representations in their latent spaces. Providing evidence for this hypothesis would enable researchers to exploit…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Michael Lan , Philip Torr , Austin Meek , Ashkan Khakzar , David Krueger , Fazl Barez

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have shown promise in improving the interpretability of neural network activations, but can learn features that are not features of the input, limiting their effectiveness. We propose \textsc{Mutual Feature…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-07 Luke Marks , Alasdair Paren , David Krueger , Fazl Barez

Unsupervised spoken term discovery consists of two tasks: finding the acoustic segment boundaries and labeling acoustically similar segments with the same labels. We perform segmentation based on the assumption that the frame feature…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-07-28 Saurabhchand Bhati , Jesús Villalba , Piotr Żelasko , Najim Dehak

Integrating compositional and symbolic properties into current distributional semantic spaces can enhance the interpretability, controllability, compositionality, and generalisation capabilities of Transformer-based auto-regressive language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Yingji Zhang , Danilo S. Carvalho , André Freitas

Steering vectors are a promising approach to control the behaviour of large language models. However, their underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. While sparse autoencoders (SAEs) may offer a potential method to interpret steering…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-14 Harry Mayne , Yushi Yang , Adam Mahdi

Autoencoders have been used for finding interpretable and disentangled features underlying neural network representations in both image and text domains. While the efficacy and pitfalls of such methods are well-studied in vision, there is a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-06 Abhinav Menon , Manish Shrivastava , David Krueger , Ekdeep Singh Lubana

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a powerful paradigm for disentangling feature superposition in transformer-based architectures, enabling precise control via activation steering. However, the theoretical foundations of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Yunpeng Zhou

Learning hierarchical features in Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) is essential for capturing the structured nature of real-world data and mitigating issues like feature absorption or splitting. Existing works attempt to identify hierarchical…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Tue M. Cao , Hoang X. Nhat , Raed Alharbi , Phi Le Nguyen , My T. Thai

As large language models (LLMs) grow in scale and capability, understanding their internal mechanisms becomes increasingly critical. Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a key tool in mechanistic interpretability, enabling the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Jiaming Li , Haoran Ye , Yukun Chen , Xinyue Li , Lei Zhang , Hamid Alinejad-Rokny , Jimmy Chih-Hsien Peng , Min Yang

A key challenge in interpretability is to decompose model activations into meaningful features. Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a promising tool for this task. However, a central problem in evaluating the quality of SAEs is the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-11 Constantin Venhoff , Anisoara Calinescu , Philip Torr , Christian Schroeder de Witt

A key goal in mechanistic interpretability is circuit analysis: finding sparse subgraphs of models corresponding to specific behaviors or capabilities. However, MLP sublayers make fine-grained circuit analysis on transformer-based language…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-08 Jacob Dunefsky , Philippe Chlenski , Neel Nanda

One of the roadblocks to a better understanding of neural networks' internals is \textit{polysemanticity}, where neurons appear to activate in multiple, semantically distinct contexts. Polysemanticity prevents us from identifying concise,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-05 Hoagy Cunningham , Aidan Ewart , Logan Riggs , Robert Huben , Lee Sharkey

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) model the activations of a neural network as linear combinations of sparsely occurring directions of variation (latents). The ability of SAEs to reconstruct activations follows scaling laws w.r.t. the number of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-05 Eric J. Michaud , Liv Gorton , Tom McGrath

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) that can accurately reconstruct their input (minimizing distortion) by making efficient use of few features (minimizing the rate) often fail to learn monosemantic representations (highly interpretable), limiting…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Tommaso Mencattini , Francesco Montagna , Francesco Locatello

The success of the compressed sensing paradigm has shown that a substantial reduction in sampling and storage complexity can be achieved in certain linear and non-adaptive estimation problems. It is therefore an advisable strategy for…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2014-08-27 Peter Jung , Philipp Walk

Radiological services are experiencing unprecedented demand, leading to increased interest in automating radiology report generation. Existing Vision-Language Models (VLMs) suffer from hallucinations, lack interpretability, and require…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-07 Ahmed Abdulaal , Hugo Fry , Nina Montaña-Brown , Ayodeji Ijishakin , Jack Gao , Stephanie Hyland , Daniel C. Alexander , Daniel C. Castro

Deep learning is a kind of feature learning method with strong nonliear feature transformation and becomes more and more important in many fields of artificial intelligence. Deep autoencoder is one representative method of the deep learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-02-18 Yongming Li , Yan Lei , Pin Wang , Yuchuan Liu

Sparse autoencoders are a promising new approach for decomposing language model activations for interpretation and control. They have been applied successfully to vision transformer image encoders and to small-scale diffusion models.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-14 Stepan Shabalin , Ayush Panda , Dmitrii Kharlapenko , Abdur Raheem Ali , Yixiong Hao , Arthur Conmy

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) are used to disentangle the dense, polysemantic internal representations of large language models (LLMs) into interpretable, monosemantic concepts. However, standard $\ell_1$-regularized SAEs suffer from feature…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Faris Chaudhry , Keisuke Yano , Anthea Monod

Vision-language models learn powerful multimodal embeddings, yet their internal semantics remain opaque. While sparse autoencoders (SAEs) can extract interpretable features, they rely on expanding the representation dimension, which…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Piotr Kubaty , Patryk Marszałek , Łukasz Struski , Adam Wróbel , Jacek Tabor , Marek Śmieja