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Robotic manipulation policies are commonly initialized through imitation learning, but their performance is limited by the scarcity and narrow coverage of expert data. Reinforcement learning can refine polices to alleviate this limitation,…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Zhennan Jiang , Kai Liu , Yuxin Qin , Shuai Tian , Yupeng Zheng , Mingcai Zhou , Chao Yu , Haoran Li , Dongbin Zhao

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a central paradigm for advancing Large Language Models (LLMs), where pre-training and RL post-training share the same log-likelihood formulation. In contrast, recent RL approaches for diffusion…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Shuchen Xue , Chongjian Ge , Shilong Zhang , Yichen Li , Zhi-Ming Ma

Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) learns optimal policies from fixed datasets, training a policy once and deploying it at inference time without further refinement. Inspired by model predictive control (MPC), we introduce an inference…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Rohan Deb , Stephen J. Wright , Arindam Banerjee

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown extraordinary potential in aligning diffusion models to downstream tasks, yet most of them still suffer from significant reward hacking, which degrades generative diversity and quality by inducing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Jiaming Li , Chenyu Zhu , Nanxi Yi , Youjun Bao , Li Sun , Quanying Lv , Xiang Fang , Daizong Liu , Jianjun Li , Kun He , Bowen Zhou , Zhiyuan Ma

Latent diffusion models are the state-of-the-art for synthetic image generation. To align these models with human preferences, training the models using reinforcement learning on human feedback is crucial. Black et. al 2024 introduced…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-09 Mo Kordzanganeh , Danial Keshvary , Nariman Arian

Fine-tuning diffusion policies with reinforcement learning (RL) presents significant challenges. The long denoising sequence for each action prediction impedes effective reward propagation. Moreover, standard RL methods require millions of…

Enhancing the diversity of policies is beneficial for robustness, exploration, and transfer in reinforcement learning (RL). In this paper, we aim to seek diverse policies in an under-explored setting, namely RL tasks with structured action…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-24 Wenhao Li , Baoxiang Wang , Shanchao Yang , Hongyuan Zha

Reinforcement learning (RL) is pivotal for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of diffusion large language models (dLLMs). However, existing dLLM policy optimization methods suffer from two critical reliability bottlenecks: (1) reward…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Leyi Pan , Shuchang Tao , Yunpeng Zhai , Zheyu Fu , Liancheng Fang , Minghua He , Lingzhe Zhang , Zhaoyang Liu , Bolin Ding , Aiwei Liu , Lijie Wen

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown strong potential for general-purpose robotic manipulation, but their reliance on expert demonstrations limits their ability to learn from failures and perform self-corrections. Reinforcement…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-11-13 Fangqi Zhu , Zhengyang Yan , Zicong Hong , Quanxin Shou , Xiao Ma , Song Guo

Model-based reinforcement learning approaches carry the promise of being data efficient. However, due to challenges in learning dynamics models that sufficiently match the real-world dynamics, they struggle to achieve the same asymptotic…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-09-17 Ignasi Clavera , Jonas Rothfuss , John Schulman , Yasuhiro Fujita , Tamim Asfour , Pieter Abbeel

Differentiable planning enables gradient-based optimization of decision-making problems by leveraging differentiable models of system dynamics. However, in highly nonlinear and hybrid discrete-continuous domains, the resulting optimization…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Yuval Aroosh , Ayal Taitler

Instability and slowness are two main problems in deep reinforcement learning. Even if proximal policy optimization (PPO) is the state of the art, it still suffers from these two problems. We introduce an improved algorithm based on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-10-01 Zhenyu Zhang , Xiangfeng Luo , Tong Liu , Shaorong Xie , Jianshu Wang , Wei Wang , Yang Li , Yan Peng

Diffusion policies have achieved superior performance in imitation learning and offline reinforcement learning (RL) due to their rich expressiveness. However, the conventional diffusion training procedure requires samples from target…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Haitong Ma , Tianyi Chen , Kai Wang , Na Li , Bo Dai

A key challenge in applying reinforcement learning (RL) to diffusion large language models (dLLMs) lies in the intractability of their likelihood functions, which are essential for the RL objective, necessitating corresponding approximation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Nianyi Lin , Jiajie Zhang , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Improving the reasoning capabilities of diffusion-based large language models (dLLMs) through reinforcement learning (RL) remains an open problem. The intractability of dLLMs likelihood function necessitates approximating the current, old,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Xiaohang Tang , Rares Dolga , Sangwoong Yoon , Ilija Bogunovic

Model-based offline reinforcement Learning (RL) is a promising approach that leverages existing data effectively in many real-world applications, especially those involving high-dimensional inputs like images and videos. To alleviate the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-06-17 Shenghua Wan , Ziyuan Chen , Le Gan , Shuai Feng , De-Chuan Zhan

With the increasing availability of open-source robotic data, imitation learning has become a promising approach for both manipulation and locomotion. Diffusion models are now widely used to train large, generalized policies that predict…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-15 Shashank Hegde , Satyajeet Das , Gautam Salhotra , Gaurav S. Sukhatme

We propose DiFFPO, Diffusion Fast and Furious Policy Optimization, a unified framework for training masked diffusion large language models (dLLMs) to reason not only better (furious), but also faster via reinforcement learning (RL). We…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Hanyang Zhao , Dawen Liang , Wenpin Tang , David Yao , Nathan Kallus

Existing studies on constrained reinforcement learning (RL) may obtain a well-performing policy in the training environment. However, when deployed in a real environment, it may easily violate constraints that were originally satisfied…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-06 Zhongchang Sun , Sihong He , Fei Miao , Shaofeng Zou

Recent studies have shown the great potential of diffusion models in improving reinforcement learning (RL) by modeling complex policies, expressing a high degree of multi-modality, and efficiently handling high-dimensional continuous…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-05-14 Huiyun Jiang , Zhuang Yang