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A central paradox in fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) with Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Reward (RLVR) is the frequent degradation of multi-attempt performance (Pass@k) despite improvements in single-attempt accuracy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-04 Long Li , Zhijian Zhou , Jiaran Hao , Jason Klein Liu , Yanting Miao , Wei Pang , Xiaoyu Tan , Wei Chu , Zhe Wang , Shirui Pan , Chao Qu , Yuan Qi

We present Re-weighted Gradient Descent (RGD), a novel optimization technique that improves the performance of deep neural networks through dynamic sample re-weighting. Leveraging insights from distributionally robust optimization (DRO)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Ramnath Kumar , Kushal Majmundar , Dheeraj Nagaraj , Arun Sai Suggala

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Reward (RLVR) is a powerful method for enhancing the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models, but its full potential is limited by a lack of exploration in two key areas: Depth (the difficulty of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Zhicheng Yang , Zhijiang Guo , Yinya Huang , Yongxin Wang , Dongchun Xie , Hanhui Li , Yiwei Wang , Xiaodan Liang , Jing Tang

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) enhances reasoning of Large Language Models (LLMs) but usually exhibits limited generation diversity due to the over-incentivization of positive rewards. Although methods like Negative…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Zihan Lin , Xiaohan Wang , Jie Cao , Jiajun Chai , Li Wang , Xiaodong Lu , Wei Lin , Ran He , Guojun Yin

Safety alignment incurs safety tax that perturbs a large reasoning model's (LRM) general reasoning ability. Existing datasets used for safety alignment for an LRM are usually constructed by distilling safety reasoning traces and answers…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Yingsha Xie , Tiansheng Huang , Enneng Yang , Rui Min , Wenjie Lu , Xiaochun Cao , Naiqiang Tan , Li Shen

Cross-view geo-localization (CVGL) between drone and satellite imagery remains challenging due to severe viewpoint gaps and the presence of hard negatives, which are visually similar but geographically mismatched samples. Existing mining or…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-05 Guozheng Zheng , Jian Guan , Mingjie Xie , Xuanjia Zhao , Congyi Fan , Shiheng Zhang , Pengming Feng

Diffusion distillation, exemplified by Distribution Matching Distillation (DMD), has shown great promise in few-step generation but often sacrifices quality for sampling speed. While integrating Reinforcement Learning (RL) into distillation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Linwei Dong , Ruoyu Guo , Ge Bai , Zehuan Yuan , Yawei Luo , Changqing Zou

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has become a key technique for enhancing LLMs' reasoning abilities, yet its data inefficiency remains a major bottleneck. To address this critical yet challenging issue, we present a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Shipeng Li , Zhiqin Yang , Shikun Li , Xiaobo Xia , Hengyu Liu , Xinghua Zhang , Gaode Chen , Dong Fang , Ying Tai , Zhe Peng

While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance in surface-level text generation, their nature in handling complex multi-step reasoning tasks often remains one of ``statistical fitting'' rather than systematic logical…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Lianlei Shan , Han Chen , Yixuan Wang , Zhenjie Liu , Wei Li

Deep neural network (DNN) based approaches hold significant potential for reinforcement learning (RL) and have already shown remarkable gains over state-of-art methods in a number of applications. The effectiveness of DNN methods can be…

机器学习 · 统计学 2017-06-01 Henghui Zhu , Feng Nan , Ioannis Paschalidis , Venkatesh Saligrama

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR), which uses simple binary feedback to post-train large language models, has found significant empirical success. However, a principled understanding of why it works is lacking. This…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Joe Suk , Yaqi Duan

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithms have achieved great success in solving many challenging tasks while their black-box nature hinders interpretability and real-world applicability, making it difficult for human experts to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-23 Jingdi Chen , Hanhan Zhou , Yongsheng Mei , Carlee Joe-Wong , Gina Adam , Nathaniel D. Bastian , Tian Lan

Diffusion models achieve state-of-the-art generative performance but are fundamentally bottlenecked by their slow, iterative sampling process. While diffusion distillation techniques enable high-fidelity, few-step generation, traditional…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-01 Linqian Fan , Peiqin Sun , Tiancheng Wen , Shun Lu , Chengru Song

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a central post-training paradigm for large language models (LLMs), but its performance is highly sensitive to the quality of training problems. This sensitivity stems from the non-stationarity of RL:…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-26 Ningyuan Yang , Weihua Du , Weiwei Sun , Sean Welleck , Yiming Yang

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has proven effective for Large Language Model (LLM) reasoning, yet current methods face key challenges in resource allocation and policy optimization dynamics: (i) uniform rollout…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-24 Yangyi Fang , Jiaye Lin , Xiaoliang Fu , Cong Qin , Haolin Shi , Chaowen Hu , Lu Pan , Ke Zeng , Xunliang Cai

We propose VL Norm (Variance-reduced Length-dependent Normalization), a simple yet effective loss aggregation method tailored to the characteristic of dynamic generation lengths in Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR).…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Zhiyuan He , Xufang Luo , Yike Zhang , Yuqing Yang , Lili Qiu

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is increasingly applied to large-scale decision-making problems like logistics, scheduling, and recommender systems, but existing algorithms struggle with the curse of dimensionality in such large discrete action…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Heiko Hoppe , Fabian Akkerman , Wouter van Heeswijk , Maximilian Schiffer

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has become a standard paradigm for reasoning in Large Language Models. However, optimizing solely for final-answer correctness often drives models into aimless, verbose exploration,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Jiangshan Duo , Hanyu Li , Hailin Zhang , Yudong Wang , Sujian Li , Liang Zhao

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly improved their performance across various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, LLMs still struggle with generating non-factual responses due to limitations…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-10 Taeho Hwang , Soyeong Jeong , Sukmin Cho , SeungYoon Han , Jong C. Park

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has emerged as an indispensable paradigm for enhancing reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs). However, standard policy optimization methods, such as Group Relative Policy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-09 Pengyi Li , Elizaveta Goncharova , Andrey Kuznetsov , Ivan Oseledets
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