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As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in everyday decision-making, their safety responsibilities extend beyond reacting to explicit harmful intent toward anticipating unintended but consequential risks. In this work, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-25 Xuan Luo , Yubin Chen , Zhiyu Hou , Linpu Yu , Geng Tu , Jing Li , Ruifeng Xu

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable emergent capabilities through extensive pre-training, they still face critical limitations in generalizing to specialized domains and handling diverse linguistic variations, known…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Jinwu Hu , Zhitian Zhang , Guohao Chen , Xutao Wen , Chao Shuai , Wei Luo , Bin Xiao , Yuanqing Li , Mingkui Tan

Large language models (LLMs) offer strong capabilities but raise cost and privacy concerns, whereas small language models (SLMs) facilitate efficient and private local inference yet suffer from limited capacity. To synergize the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Hang Zeng , Xiangyu Liu , Yong Hu , Chaoyue Niu , Jiarui Zhang , Shaojie Tang , Fan Wu , Guihai Chen

Despite the many advances of Large Language Models (LLMs) and their unprecedented rapid evolution, their impact and integration into every facet of our daily lives is limited due to various reasons. One critical factor hindering their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-20 Yakir Yehuda , Itzik Malkiel , Oren Barkan , Jonathan Weill , Royi Ronen , Noam Koenigstein

This paper presents a hybrid framework for literature reviews that augments traditional bibliometric methods with large language models (LLMs). By fine-tuning open-source LLMs, our approach enables scalable extraction of qualitative…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-21 Stefano M. Iacus , Haodong Qi , Jiyoung Han

ChatGPT and other large language models (LLMs) have proven useful in crowdsourcing tasks, where they can effectively annotate machine learning training data. However, this means that they also have the potential for misuse, specifically to…

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) hold considerable promise for applications in healthcare. However, their deployment in safety-critical settings is hindered by two key limitations: (i) sensitivity to prompt design, and (ii) a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Anita Kriz , Elizabeth Laura Janes , Xing Shen , Tal Arbel

Multilingual Large Language Models are capable of using powerful Large Language Models to handle and respond to queries in multiple languages, which achieves remarkable success in multilingual natural language processing tasks. Despite…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-09 Libo Qin , Qiguang Chen , Yuhang Zhou , Zhi Chen , Yinghui Li , Lizi Liao , Min Li , Wanxiang Che , Philip S. Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are finding applications in numerous domains, and Requirements Engineering (RE) is increasingly benefiting from their capabilities to assist with complex, language-intensive tasks. This paper presents a…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Mohammad Amin Zadenoori , Jacek Dąbrowski , Waad Alhoshan , Liping Zhao , Alessio Ferrari

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being explored across a range of reasoning tasks. However, LLMs sometimes struggle with reasoning tasks under uncertainty that are relatively easy for humans, such as planning actions in…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-06 Ziwei Deng , Mian Deng , Chenjing Liang , Zeming Gao , Chennan Ma , Chenxing Lin , Haipeng Zhang , Songzhu Mei , Siqi Shen , Cheng Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated emergent abilities in text generation, question answering, and reasoning, facilitating various tasks and domains. Despite their proficiency in various tasks, LLMs like PaLM 540B and Llama-3.1…

Objective: This study aims to summarize the usage of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the process of creating a scientific review. We look at the range of stages in a review that can be automated and assess the current state-of-the-art…

数字图书馆 · 计算机科学 2025-05-16 Dmitry Scherbakov , Nina Hubig , Vinita Jansari , Alexander Bakumenko , Leslie A. Lenert

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, particularly with the development of Large Language Models (LLMs) built on the transformer architecture, has redefined the capabilities of natural language processing. These models now…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Andrea Matarazzo , Riccardo Torlone

Surveys are widely used in social sciences to understand human behavior, but their implementation often involves iterative adjustments that demand significant effort and resources. To this end, researchers have increasingly turned to large…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2024-12-06 Sunwoong Kim , Jongho Jeong , Jin Soo Han , Donghyuk Shin

Language models (LMs) are machine learning models designed to predict linguistic patterns by estimating the probability of word sequences based on large-scale datasets, such as text. LMs have a wide range of applications in natural language…

[Context and motivation] Incompleteness in natural-language requirements is a challenging problem. [Question/problem] A common technique for detecting incompleteness in requirements is checking the requirements against external sources.…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2023-02-10 Dipeeka Luitel , Shabnam Hassani , Mehrdad Sabetzadeh

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in high-stakes settings, where overconfident responses can mislead users. Reliable confidence estimation has been shown to enhance trust and task accuracy. Yet existing methods face…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Linwei Tao , Yi-Fan Yeh , Bo Kai , Minjing Dong , Tao Huang , Tom A. Lamb , Jialin Yu , Philip H. S. Torr , Chang Xu

The period from 2019 to the present marks one of the most significant paradigm shifts in information retrieval (IR) and natural language processing (NLP), culminating in the emergence of powerful large language models (LLMs) from 2022…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Zhichao Xu , Fengran Mo , Zhiqi Huang , Crystina Zhang , Puxuan Yu , Bei Wang , Jimmy Lin , Vivek Srikumar

The ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to extract context from natural language problem descriptions naturally raises questions about their suitability in autonomous decision-making settings. This paper studies the behaviour of these…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Xiao Yang , Juxi Leitner , Michael Burke

Threat modeling is a crucial component of cybersecurity, particularly for industries such as banking, where the security of financial data is paramount. Traditional threat modeling approaches require expert intervention and manual effort,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-15 Tingmin Wu , Shuiqiao Yang , Shigang Liu , David Nguyen , Seung Jang , Alsharif Abuadbba