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Homomorphic encryption (HE) allows direct computations on encrypted data. Despite numerous research efforts, the practicality of HE schemes remains to be demonstrated. In this regard, the enormous size of ciphertexts involved in HE…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-10-27 Dayane Reis , Jonathan Takeshita , Taeho Jung , Michael Niemier , Xiaobo Sharon Hu

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) facilitates secure computations on encrypted data but imposes significant demands on memory bandwidth and computational power. While current FHE accelerators focus on optimizing computation, they often…

新兴技术 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Dewan Saiham , Di Wu , Sazadur Rahman

Homomorphic encryption (HE) is a promising cryptographic technique for enabling secure collaborative machine learning in the cloud. However, support for homomorphic computation on ciphertexts under multiple keys is inefficient. Current…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-11-12 Asma Aloufi , Peizhao Hu

In 2009, Gentry proposed the first Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) scheme, an extremely powerful cryptographic primitive that enables to perform computations, i.e., to evaluate circuits, on encrypted data without decrypting them first.…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2016-08-17 Fabrice Benhamouda , Tancrède Lepoint , Claire Mathieu , Hang Zhou

Machine Learning (ML) has emerged as one of data science's most transformative and influential domains. However, the widespread adoption of ML introduces privacy-related concerns owing to the increasing number of malicious attacks targeting…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-29 Eugene Frimpong , Khoa Nguyen , Mindaugas Budzys , Tanveer Khan , Antonis Michalas

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) has the potential to substantially improve privacy and security by enabling computation directly on encrypted data. This is especially true with deep learning, as today, many popular user services are…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-14 Austin Ebel , Karthik Garimella , Brandon Reagen

Federated learning (FL) with fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) effectively safeguards data privacy during model aggregation by encrypting local model updates before transmission, mitigating threats from untrusted servers or eavesdroppers…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Xiangchen Meng , Yangdi Lyu

Homomorphic encryption (HE) enables the secure offloading of computations to the cloud by providing computation on encrypted data (ciphertexts). HE is based on noisy encryption schemes in which noise accumulates as more computations are…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-05-02 Sangpyo Kim , Jongmin Kim , Michael Jaemin Kim , Wonkyung Jung , Minsoo Rhu , John Kim , Jung Ho Ahn

Privacy-preserving analysis of confidential data can increase the value of such data and even improve peoples' lives. Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) can enable privacy-preserving analysis. However, FHE adds a large amount of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-12-25 Mirko Günther , Lars Schütze , Kilian Becher , Thorsten Strufe , Jeronimo Castrillon

Computation on ciphertexts of all known fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) schemes induces some noise, which, if too large, will destroy the plaintext. Therefore, the bootstrapping technique that re-encrypts a ciphertext and reduces the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-09-08 Kamil Kluczniak , Leonard Schild

Homomorphic encryption (HE) is a privacy-preserving computation technique that enables computation on encrypted data. Today, the potential of HE remains largely unrealized as it is impractically slow, preventing it from being used in real…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-05-14 Negar Neda , Austin Ebel , Benedict Reynwar , Brandon Reagen

Homomorphic encryption (HE) is a core building block in privacy-preserving machine learning (PPML), but HE is also widely known as its efficiency bottleneck. Therefore, many GPU-accelerated cryptographic schemes have been proposed to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Yu Cui , Hang Fu , Licheng Wang , Haibin Zhang

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) allows anyone to perform computations on encrypted data, despite not having the secret decryption key. Since the Gentry's work in 2009, the primitive has interested many researchers. In this paper, we…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2015-11-18 Zhengjun Cao , Lihua Liu

Word-wise Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) schemes, such as CKKS, are gaining significant traction due to their ability to provide post-quantum-resistant, privacy-preserving approximate computing; an especially desirable feature in…

In this work, we propose an open-source, first-of-its-kind, arithmetic hardware library with a focus on accelerating the arithmetic operations involved in Ring Learning with Error (RLWE)-based somewhat homomorphic encryption (SHE). We…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-07-06 Rashmi Agrawal , Lake Bu , Alan Ehret , Michel A. Kinsy

Cloud computing is an important part of today's world because offloading computations is a method to reduce costs. In this paper, we investigate computing the Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF) using Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE).…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2017-07-20 Thomas Shortell , Ali Shokoufandeh

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) provides a powerful paradigm for secure computation, but its practical adoption is severely hindered by the prohibitive computational cost of its bootstrapping procedure. The complexity of all current…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-06 Dongfang Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) offer personalized responses based on user interactions, but this use case raises serious privacy concerns. Homomorphic encryption (HE) is a cryptographic protocol supporting arithmetic computations in encrypted…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-24 Donghwan Rho , Taeseong Kim , Minje Park , Jung Woo Kim , Hyunsik Chae , Ernest K. Ryu , Jung Hee Cheon

Verifiable Homomorphic Encryption (VHE) is a cryptographic technique that integrates Homomorphic Encryption (HE) with Verifiable Computation (VC). It serves as a crucial technology for ensuring both privacy and integrity in outsourced…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Jung Hee Cheon , Daehyun Jang

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows a third party to perform arbitrary computations on encrypted data, learning neither the inputs nor the computation results. Hence, it provides resilience in situations where computations are carried…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-02-04 Alexander Viand , Patrick Jattke , Anwar Hithnawi