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Existing Reinforcement Learning from Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) methods, such as Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), have achieved remarkable progress in improving the reasoning capabilities of Large Reasoning Models (LRMs). However,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Hsiu-Yuan Huang , Chenming Tang , Weijie Liu , Clive Bai , Saiyong Yang , Yunfang Wu

We present Future-KL Influenced Policy Optimization (FIPO), a reinforcement learning algorithm designed to overcome reasoning bottlenecks in large language models. While GRPO style training scales effectively, it typically relies on…

Group-Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has emerged as the standard for training reasoning capabilities in large language models through reinforcement learning. By estimating advantages using group-mean rewards rather than a learned…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-06 Anisha Garg , Claire Zhang , Nishit Neema , David Bick , Ganesh Venkatesh , Joel Hestness

Recent Progress in post-training flow matching for text-to-image (T2I) generation with Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has demonstrated strong potential. However, it is hindered by a critical limitation: inaccurate advantage…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Yifu Luo , Haoyuan Sun , Xinhao Hu , Penghui Du , Keyu Fan , Bo Li , Sinan Du , Xu Wan , Zhiyu Chen , Bo Xia , Tiantian Zhang , Yongzhe Chang , Changqian Yu , Kun Gai , Xueqian Wang

Traditional recommendation systems often grapple with "filter bubbles", underutilization of external knowledge, and a disconnect between model optimization and business policy iteration. To address these limitations, this paper introduces…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-25 Yu Xie , Xingkai Ren , Ying Qi , Yao Hu , Lianlei Shan

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) is a promising policy-based approach for Large Language Model alignment, yet its performance is often limited by training instability and suboptimal convergence. In this paper, we identify and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-12 Marco Simoni , Aleksandar Fontana , Giulio Rossolini , Andrea Saracino , Paolo Mori

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for passage reranking in information retrieval, leveraging their superior reasoning capabilities to address the limitations of conventional models on complex queries. However,…

Large Language Models (LLMs) often generate unnecessarily verbose Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning that increases computational costs and latency without proportional performance gains. In this paper, we propose Fine-grained Group policy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-12 Xinchen Han , Hossam Afifi , Michel Marot , Xilu Wang , Lu Yin

Reinforcement learning has become a powerful paradigm for post-training large language model agents, yet credit assignment in multi-turn environments remains a challenge. Agents often receive sparse, trajectory-level rewards only at the end…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Siyuan Zhu , Chao Yu , Rongxin Yang , Zongkai Liu , Jinjun Hu , Qiwen Chen , Yibo Zhang

Multi-label classification (MLC) often suffers from performance disparities across labels. We propose \textbf{FairPO}, a framework combining preference-based loss and group-robust optimization to improve fairness by targeting…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Soumen Kumar Mondal , Prateek Chanda , Akshit Varmora , Ganesh Ramakrishnan

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) and its variants have become the de facto standards for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences or specific goals. However, DPO requires high-quality preference data and suffers from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-12 Zhuotong Chen , Fang Liu , Jennifer Zhu , Wanyu Du , Yanjun Qi

Long-form generation is crucial for academic writing papers and repo-level code generation. Despite this, current models, including GPT-4o, still exhibit unsatisfactory performance. Existing methods that utilize preference learning with…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-21 Bowen Ping , Jiali Zeng , Fandong Meng , Shuo Wang , Jie Zhou , Shanghang Zhang

In a multi-stage recommendation system, reranking plays a crucial role in modeling intra-list correlations among items. A key challenge lies in exploring optimal sequences within the combinatorial space of permutations. Recent research…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-10-30 Zhijie Lin , Zhuofeng Li , Chenglei Dai , Wentian Bao , Shuai Lin , Enyun Yu , Haoxiang Zhang , Liang Zhao

Collaborative multi-agent large language models (LLMs) can solve complex reasoning tasks by decomposing roles, but reinforcement learning for such systems is limited by credit assignment: shared terminal rewards obscure individual…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Zhongyi Li , Wan Tian , Yikun Ban , Jinju Chen , Huiming Zhang , Yang Liu , Fuzhen Zhuang

Recent advances in reinforcement learning (RL) have significantly enhanced the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), a lightweight variant of Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO),…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-13 Chen Wang , Lai Wei , Yanzhi Zhang , Chenyang Shao , Zedong Dan , Weiran Huang , Yuzhi Zhang , Yue Wang

Reinforcement learning for multi-step reasoning with large language models (LLMs) typically relies on sparse terminal rewards, which creates a poorly conditioned credit-assignment problem: the final feedback is propagated uniformly across…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Fei Ding , Yongkang Zhang , youwei wang , Zijian Zeng

Applying Reinforcement Learning (RL) to Video Large Language Models (Video-LLMs) shows significant promise for complex video reasoning. However, popular Reinforcement Fine-Tuning (RFT) methods, such as outcome-based Group Relative Policy…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Yunxin Li , Xinyu Chen , Zitao Li , Zhenyu Liu , Longyue Wang , Wenhan Luo , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Improving and understanding the training dynamics and reasoning of Large Language Models (LLMs) has become essential for their deployment in AI-based security tools, such as software vulnerability detection. In this work, we present an…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Marco Simoni , Aleksandar Fontana , Giulio Rossolini , Andrea Saracino

Language models must now generalize out of the box to novel environments and work inside inference-scaling search procedures, such as AlphaEvolve, that select rollouts with a variety of task-specific reward functions. Unfortunately, the…

Contemporary reinforcement learning with verifiable reward methods post-train language models on multi-step reasoning by assigning a single outcome reward uniformly across all tokens in a trajectory. Such uniform assignment ignores which…