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Large Language Models (LLMs) have made remarkable progress in enhancing step-by-step reasoning through reinforcement learning. However, the Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) algorithm, which relies on sparse reward rules, often…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-30 Xingjian Zhang , Siwei Wen , Wenjun Wu , Lei Huang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems face a fundamental challenge in aligning independently developed retrievers and large language models (LLMs). Existing approaches typically involve modifying either component or introducing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-23 Guoxin Chen , Minpeng Liao , Peiying Yu , Dingmin Wang , Zile Qiao , Chao Yang , Xin Zhao , Kai Fan

Reinforcement learning has been widely applied to enhance the reasoning capabilities of large language models. Extending the inference limits of smaller models has become a prominent research focus. However, algorithms such as Group…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Hao Wu , Wei Liu

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) is a powerful technique for aligning generative models, but its effectiveness is bottlenecked by the conflict between large group sizes and prohibitive computational costs. In this work, we…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-18 Shiran Ge , Chenyi Huang , Yuang Ai , Qihang Fan , Huaibo Huang , Ran He

Recent advances in group-based reinforcement learning (RL) have driven frontier large language models (LLMs) in single-turn tasks like mathematical reasoning. However, their scalability to multi-turn LLM agent training remains limited.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-29 Lang Feng , Zhenghai Xue , Tingcong Liu , Bo An

Recent large reasoning models (LRMs) driven by reinforcement learning algorithms (e.g., GRPO) have achieved remarkable performance on challenging reasoning tasks. However, these models suffer from overthinking, generating unnecessarily long…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Gang Li , Yan Chen , Ming Lin , Tianbao Yang

Current post-training methodologies for adapting Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) generally fall into two paradigms: Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Reinforcement Learning (RL). Despite their prevalence, both approaches suffer from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Yuming Yan , Kai Tang , Sihong Chen , Ke Xu , Dan Hu , Qun Yu , Pengfei Hu

Group relative policy optimization (GRPO) has demonstrated significant potential in improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) via reinforcement learning. However, its practical deployment is impeded by an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Yizhou Zhang , Ning Lv , Teng Wang , Jisheng Dang

Recent advances in Large Language Model (LLM) agents have demonstrated their promising general capabilities. However, their performance in specialized real-world domains often degrades due to challenges in effectively integrating external…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Yuzheng Cai , Siqi Cai , Yuchen Shi , Zihan Xu , Lichao Chen , Yulei Qin , Xiaoyu Tan , Gang Li , Zongyi Li , Haojia Lin , Yong Mao , Ke Li , Xing Sun

As a typical open-ended generation task, creative writing lacks verifiable reference answers, which has long constrained reward modeling and automatic evaluation due to high human annotation costs, evaluative bias, and coarse feedback…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Jihao Zhao , Shuaishuai Zu , Zhiyuan Ji , Chunlai Zhou , Biao Qin

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values and safety constraints is challenging, especially when objectives like helpfulness, truthfulness, and avoidance of harm conflict. Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-31 Xuying Li , Zhuo Li , Yuji Kosuga , Victor Bian

Reinforcement learning with verifiers (RLVR) has become a central paradigm for improving LLM reasoning, yet popular group-based optimization algorithms like GRPO often suffer from exploration collapse, where the models prematurely converge…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Haoxuan Chen , Tianming Liang , Wei-Shi Zheng , Jian-Fang Hu

Group Relative Policy Optimisation (GRPO) enhances large language models by estimating advantages across a group of sampled trajectories. However, mapping these trajectory-level advantages to policy updates requires aggregating token-level…

While Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) offers a powerful framework for LLM post-training, its effectiveness in open-ended domains like Machine Translation hinges on accurate intra-group ranking. We identify that standard Scalar…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Sen Yang , Shanbo Cheng , Lu Xu , Jianbing Zhang , Shujian Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various domains, motivating researchers to investigate their potential use in recommendation systems. However, directly applying LLMs to recommendation tasks has…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-06-21 Zhuoxi Bai , Ning Wu , Fengyu Cai , Xinyi Zhu , Yun Xiong

Recently, Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has shown promising potential for aligning text-to-image (T2I) models, yet existing GRPO-based methods suffer from two critical limitations. (1) \textit{Shared credit assignment}:…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Qiang Lyu , Zicong Chen , Chongxiao Wang , Haolin Shi , Shibo Gao , Ran Piao , Youwei Zeng , Jianlou Si , Fei Ding , Jing Li , Chun Pong Lau , Weiqiang Wang

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has recently emerged as an effective approach for improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models through online multi-objective reinforcement learning. While personalization on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Ziyao Wang , Daeun Jung , Yexiao He , Guoheng Sun , Zheyu Shen , Myungjin Lee , Ang Li

Recent advances in reinforcement learning (RL) have significantly enhanced the agentic capabilities of large language models (LLMs). In long-term and multi-turn agent tasks, existing approaches driven solely by outcome rewards often suffer…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Yuxiang Ji , Ziyu Ma , Yong Wang , Guanhua Chen , Xiangxiang Chu , Liaoni Wu

Standard reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) trains a reward model on pairwise preference data and then uses it for policy optimization. However, while reward models are optimized to capture relative preferences, existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Kyuseong Choi , Dwaipayan Saha , Woojeong Kim , Anish Agarwal , Raaz Dwivedi

Large-scale flow matching models have achieved strong performance across generative tasks such as text-to-image, video, 3D, and speech synthesis. However, aligning their outputs with human preferences and task-specific objectives remains…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Zexiang Liu , Xianglong He , Yangguang Li