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With the rapid spread of generative AI services, the token has gained value not only as a technical unit of language processing but also as an economic currency for accessing AI services. Major AI model providers have adopted token-based…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-04-30 Jaeyong Lee , Heeju Kang , Ahra Cho , Baek Eunkyung

Real-time AI services increasingly operate across the device-edge-cloud continuum, where autonomous AI agents generate latency-sensitive workloads, orchestrate multi-stage processing pipelines, and compete for shared resources under policy…

Cloud service platforms increasingly rely on elastic infrastructures to support dynamic workloads. Spot instances provide discounted computing resources but introduce uncertainty due to dynamic pricing, resource availability, and…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Javier Fabra , Enrique Molina-Giménez , Pedro García-López

This position paper argues that agentic AI systems should be designed and evaluated as \emph{marginal token allocation economies} rather than as text generators priced by the unit. We follow a single request -- a developer asking a coding…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Siqi Zhu

The rapid development and usage of large-scale AI models by mobile users will dominate the traffic load in future communication networks. The advent of AI technology also facilitates a decentralized AI ecosystem where small organizations or…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-11-05 Jinkun Zhang , Stefan Vlaski , Kin Leung

Compared to classical machine learning (ML) models, generative models offer a new usage paradigm where (i) a single model can be used for many different tasks out-of-the-box; (ii) users interact with this model over a series of natural…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2024-11-06 Rafid Mahmood

AI inference is becoming a persistent and geographically distributed source of electricity demand. Unlike many traditional electrical loads, inference workloads can sometimes be executed away from the user-facing service location, provided…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-05-04 Xubin Luo , Cheng Yang

The large-scale deployment of 5G networks has not delivered the expected return on investment for mobile network operators, raising concerns about the economic viability of future 6G rollouts. At the same time, surging demand for Artificial…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Gabriele Gemmi , Michele Polese , Tommaso Melodia

The surging development of Artificial Intelligence-Generated Content (AIGC) marks a transformative era of the content creation and production. Edge servers promise attractive benefits, e.g., reduced service delay and backhaul traffic load,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-10 Yuxin Liang , Peng Yang , Yuanyuan He , Feng Lyu

Public inference benchmarks compare AI systems at the model and provider level, but the unit at which deployment decisions are actually made is the endpoint: the (provider, model, stock-keeping-unit) tuple at which a specific quantization,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-04 Yuxuan Gao , Megan Wang , Yi Ling Yu

As large language models (LLMs) and vision-language-action models (VLAs) become widely deployed, the tokens consumed by AI inference are evolving into a new type of commodity. This paper systematically analyzes the commodity attributes of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Yicai Xing

Rapid growth in AI-driven data center loads is creating significant challenges for transmission grid interconnection. This paper proposes robust and risk-aware frameworks to quantify transmission capacity as firm and flexible capacities. We…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-04-13 Shaoze Li , Bohang Fang , Cong Chen

Accurate price predictions are essential for market participants in order to optimize their operational schedules and bidding strategies, especially in the current context where electricity prices become more volatile and less predictable…

计算工程、金融与科学 · 计算机科学 2025-09-26 Naga Venkata Sai Jitin Jami , Juraj Kardoš , Olaf Schenk , Harald Köstler

With the rapid advancement of generative AI (GenAI), mechanism design adapted to its unique characteristics poses new theoretical and practical challenges. Unlike traditional goods, content from one domain can enhance the training and…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Rui Ai , David Simchi-Levi , Haifeng Xu

The rapid emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has catalyzed Agentic artificial intelligence (AI), autonomous systems integrating perception, reasoning, and action into closed-loop pipelines for continuous adaptation. While unlocking…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-04-10 Xiaojing Chen , Haiqi Yu , Wei Ni , Dusit Niyato , Ruichen Zhang , Xin Wang , Shunqing Zhang , Shugong Xu

Generative AI (GenAI) is rapidly transforming knowledge work, yet its implications for organizational hierarchies remain poorly understood. Unlike earlier automation technologies, GenAI can both perform tasks autonomously and assist human…

理论经济学 · 经济学 2026-03-25 Fasheng Xu , Jing Hou , Wei Chen , Karen Xie

Multi-tenant AI inference platforms must balance resource utilization against service-level guarantees under variable demand. Conventional approaches fail to achieve this balance: dedicated endpoints strand capacity on idle models, while…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 William J. Cunningham

Modern AI systems increasingly rely on workflows composed of multiple interacting agents, some powered by large language models (LLMs) and others by conventional computational modules. This paper analyzes the fundamental tradeoffs between…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Ya-Ting Yang , Quanyan Zhu

As GenAI platforms grow, their dependence on content from competing providers, combined with access to alternative data sources, creates new challenges for data-sharing decisions. In this paper, we provide a model of data sharing between a…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Boaz Taitler , Omer Madmon , Moshe Tennenholtz , Omer Ben-Porat

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes foundational to enterprise infrastructure, organizations face growing challenges in accurately assessing the full economic implications of AI deployment. Existing metrics such as API token costs,…

综合经济学 · 经济学 2025-09-04 Eliseo Curcio
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