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Synthetic data generation using large language models (LLMs) demonstrates substantial promise in addressing biomedical data challenges and shows increasing adoption in biomedical research. This study systematically reviews recent advances…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-18 Hanshu Rao , Weisi Liu , Haohan Wang , I-Chan Huang , Zhe He , Xiaolei Huang

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding. While demonstrating proficiency in everyday conversations and question-answering situations, these models frequently struggle…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-28 Chaoyi Wu , Weixiong Lin , Xiaoman Zhang , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Weidi Xie

By augmenting Large Language Models (LLMs) with external tools, their capacity to solve complex problems has been significantly enhanced. However, despite ongoing advancements in the parsing capabilities of LLMs, incorporating all available…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-24 Hang Gao , Yongfeng Zhang

To address challenges in the digital economy's landscape of digital intelligence, large language models (LLMs) have been developed. Improvements in computational power and available resources have significantly advanced LLMs, allowing their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-24 Yanxin Zheng , Wensheng Gan , Zefeng Chen , Zhenlian Qi , Qian Liang , Philip S. Yu

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has significantly impacted various fields, from natural language processing to sectors like medicine and finance. However, despite their rapid proliferation, the applications of LLMs in…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2025-05-06 Ali Maatouk , Kenny Chirino Ampudia , Rex Ying , Leandros Tassiulas

Machine translation is indispensable in healthcare for enabling the global dissemination of medical knowledge across languages. However, complex medical terminology poses unique challenges to achieving adequate translation quality and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-29 Bunyamin Keles , Murat Gunay , Serdar I. Caglar

Tool learning is increasingly important for large language models (LLMs) to effectively coordinate and utilize a diverse set of tools in order to solve complex real-world tasks. By selecting and integrating appropriate tools, LLMs extend…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Zheng Fang , Wolfgang Mayer , Zeyu Zhang , Jian Wang , Hong-Yu Zhang , Wanli Li , Zaiwen Feng

Large language models (LLMs) trained on internet-scale corpora can exhibit systematic biases that increase the probability of unwanted behavior. In this study, we examined potential biases towards synthetic vs. biological technological…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Trent R Northen , Mingxun Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art results across diverse domains, yet their development remains reliant on vast amounts of publicly available data, raising concerns about data scarcity and the lack of access to…

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have proven to be effective for document re-ranking task. However, they lack the ability to fully interpret the semantics of biomedical and health-care queries and often rely on simplistic patterns for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-09 Deepak Gupta , Dina Demner-Fushman

The integration of large language model (LLM) techniques in the field of medical analysis has brought about significant advancements, yet the scarcity of large, diverse, and well-annotated datasets remains a major challenge. Medical data…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-18 Wenhan Han , Meng Fang , Zihan Zhang , Yu Yin , Zirui Song , Ling Chen , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Qingyu Chen

Low-quality data can cause downstream problems in high-stakes applications. Data-centric approach emphasizes on improving dataset quality to enhance model performance. High-quality datasets are needed for general-purpose Large Language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-13 Iva Bojic , Josef Halim , Verena Suharman , Sreeja Tar , Qi Chwen Ong , Duy Phung , Mathieu Ravaut , Shafiq Joty , Josip Car

Tool learning with foundation models aims to endow AI systems with the ability to invoke external resources -- such as APIs, computational utilities, and specialized models -- to solve complex tasks beyond the reach of standalone language…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Gabriele Mattioli , Evelyn Turri , Sara Sarto , Lorenzo Baraldi , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

Foundation models, first introduced in 2021, refer to large-scale pretrained models (e.g., large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs)) that learn from extensive unlabeled datasets through unsupervised methods, enabling…

Agentic reinforcement learning has advanced large language models (LLMs) to reason through long chain-of-thought trajectories while interleaving external tool use. Existing approaches assume a fixed inventory of tools, limiting LLM agents'…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Jiaru Zou , Ling Yang , Yunzhe Qi , Sirui Chen , Mengting Ai , Ke Shen , Jingrui He , Mengdi Wang

Clinical and biomedical research in low-resource settings often faces significant challenges due to the need for high-quality data with sufficient sample sizes to construct effective models. These constraints hinder robust model training…

Pathological diagnosis remains the definitive standard for identifying tumors. The rise of multimodal large models has simplified the process of integrating image analysis with textual descriptions. Despite this advancement, the substantial…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-08-14 Xiaomin Wu , Rui Xu , Pengchen Wei , Wenkang Qin , Peixiang Huang , Ziheng Li , Lin Luo

Pre-trained language models (LMs) have become ubiquitous in solving various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. There has been increasing interest in what knowledge these LMs contain and how we can extract that knowledge, treating LMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-16 Mujeen Sung , Jinhyuk Lee , Sean Yi , Minji Jeon , Sungdong Kim , Jaewoo Kang

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive ability in biomedical question-answering, but have not been adequately investigated for more specific biomedical applications. This study investigates the performance of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-29 Shan Chen , Yingya Li , Sheng Lu , Hoang Van , Hugo JWL Aerts , Guergana K. Savova , Danielle S. Bitterman

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in medical applications such as disease diagnosis and treatment planning. However, most existing medical LLMs struggle with the deep reasoning required for complex…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-31 Hongzhou Yu , Tianhao Cheng , Yingwen Wang , Wen He , Qing Wang , Ying Cheng , Yuejie Zhang , Rui Feng , Xiaobo Zhang