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Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is applied in safety-critical domains such as robotics and autonomous driving. It achieves superhuman abilities in many tasks, however whether DRL agents can be shown to act safely is an open problem. Atari…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-01-25 Mirco Giacobbe , Mohammadhosein Hasanbeig , Daniel Kroening , Hjalmar Wijk

In recent years, agents have become capable of communicating seamlessly via natural language and navigating in environments that involve cooperation and competition, a fact that can introduce social dilemmas. Due to the interleaving of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Maayan Orner , Oleg Maksimov , Akiva Kleinerman , Charles Ortiz , Sarit Kraus

Some standardized environments have been designed for partially observable multi-agent cooperation, but we find most current environments are synchronous, whereas real-world agents often have their own action spaces leading to asynchrony.…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2023-05-16 Meng Yao , Xueou Feng , Qiyue Yin

The task of building general agents that perform well over a wide range of tasks has been an important goal in reinforcement learning since its inception. The problem has been subject of research of a large body of work, with performance…

To solve a text-based game, an agent needs to formulate valid text commands for a given context and find the ones that lead to success. Recent attempts at solving text-based games with deep reinforcement learning have focused on the latter,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-12-04 Ruo Yu Tao , Marc-Alexandre Côté , Xingdi Yuan , Layla El Asri

The complexity of computer games is ever increasing. In this setup, guiding an automated test algorithm to find a solution to solve a testing task in a game's huge interaction space is very challenging. Having a model of a system to…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2022-11-15 Samira Shirzadehhajimahmood , I. S. W. B. Prasetya , Frank Dignum , Mehdi Dastani

Recent advances in artificial intelligence have been strongly driven by the use of game environments for training and evaluating agents. Games are often accessible and versatile, with well-defined state-transitions and goals allowing for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-09-19 Benjamin Beyret , José Hernández-Orallo , Lucy Cheke , Marta Halina , Murray Shanahan , Matthew Crosby

Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) enable novel use cases in domains where responsible action is increasingly important. Yet the inherent unpredictability of LLMs raises safety concerns about agent reliability. In…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-19 Jan Chojnacki

Traditional software relies on contracts -- APIs, type systems, assertions -- to specify and enforce correct behavior. AI agents, by contrast, operate on prompts and natural language instructions with no formal behavioral specification.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-27 Varun Pratap Bhardwaj

Corrigibility of autonomous agents is an under explored part of system design, with previous work focusing on single agent systems. It has been suggested that uncertainty over the human preferences acts to keep the agents corrigible, even…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2025-01-10 Edmund Dable-Heath , Boyko Vodenicharski , James Bishop

Text-based games provide a framework for developing natural language understanding and commonsense knowledge about the world in reinforcement learning based agents. Existing text-based environments often rely on fictional situations and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-11 Abhinav Joshi , Areeb Ahmad , Umang Pandey , Ashutosh Modi

Explanations for AI models in high-stakes domains like medicine often lack verifiability, which can hinder trust. To address this, we propose an interactive agent that produces explanations through an auditable sequence of actions. The…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Yuhang Huang , Zekai Lin , Fan Zhong , Lei Liu

Playtesting is an essential step in the game design process. Game designers use the feedback from playtests to refine their designs. Game designers may employ procedural personas to automate the playtesting process. In this paper, we…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-04-07 Sinan Ariyurek , Elif Surer , Aysu Betin-Can

The real world unfolds along a single set of physics laws, yet human intelligence demonstrates a remarkable capacity to generalize experiences from this singular physical existence into a multiverse of games, each governed by entirely…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Kuan Zhang , Dongchen Liu , Qiyue Zhao , Tianyu Xin , Yue Su , Haisheng Wang , Han Yin , Hongbo Ma , Peize Li , Tianjun Gu , Xiangnan Wu , Xinran Zhang , Yongxuan Li , Zirong Chen , Yiming Li

Existing Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents operate through step-by-step calls to vision language models--taking a screenshot, reasoning about the next action, executing it, then repeating on the new page--resulting in high costs and…

We study the class of reach-avoid dynamic games in which multiple agents interact noncooperatively, and each wishes to satisfy a distinct target criterion while avoiding a failure criterion. Reach-avoid games are commonly used to express…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2022-03-03 Dennis R. Anthony , Duy P. Nguyen , David Fridovich-Keil , Jaime F. Fisac

AI agents are increasingly used to solve complex, multi-step tasks, but existing multi-agent frameworks remain brittle as workflows grow in scale and depth. Small errors at intermediate stages can propagate through agent interactions, while…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Andy Xu , Yu-Wing Tai

Large language model (LLM) agents deployed in unknown environments must learn task structure at test time, but current approaches require thousands of interactions to form useful hypotheses. We present Sensi, an LLM agent architecture for…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Mohsen Arjmandi

Agentic systems are evaluated on benchmarks where agents interact with environments to solve tasks. Most papers report a pass@1 score computed from a single run per task, assuming this gives a reliable performance estimate. We test this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Bjarni Haukur Bjarnason , André Silva , Martin Monperrus

Deep reinforcement learning agents are notoriously sample inefficient, which considerably limits their application to real-world problems. Recently, many model-based methods have been designed to address this issue, with learning in the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-03-02 Vincent Micheli , Eloi Alonso , François Fleuret