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Large language model (LLM) agents need to perform multi-turn interactions in real-world tasks. However, existing multi-turn RL algorithms for optimizing LLM agents fail to perform effective credit assignment over multiple turns while…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-20 Yifei Zhou , Song Jiang , Yuandong Tian , Jason Weston , Sergey Levine , Sainbayar Sukhbaatar , Xian Li

With advances in large language models (LLMs), researchers are creating new systems that can perform AI-driven analytics over large unstructured datasets. Recent work has explored executing such analytics queries using semantic operators --…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-04 Matthew Russo , Tim Kraska

The paradigm of large language model (LLM) reasoning is shifting from parameter scaling to test-time compute scaling, yet many existing approaches still rely on uniform brute-force sampling (for example, fixed best-of-N or self-consistency)…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-02 Siyuan Ma , Bo Gao , Xiaojun Jia , Simeng Qin , Tianlin Li , Ke Ma , Xiaoshuang Jia , Wenqi Ren , Yang Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly explored as general-purpose reasoners, particularly in agentic contexts. However, their outputs remain prone to mathematical and logical errors. This is especially challenging in open-ended…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Agnieszka Mensfelt , Kostas Stathis , Vince Trencsenyi

With the proliferation of open-sourced Large Language Models (LLMs) and efficient finetuning techniques, we are on the cusp of the emergence of numerous domain-specific LLMs that have been finetuned for expertise across specialized fields…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-28 Teo Susnjak

We present Athena-PRM, a multimodal process reward model (PRM) designed to evaluate the reward score for each step in solving complex reasoning problems. Developing high-performance PRMs typically demands significant time and financial…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Shuai Wang , Zhenhua Liu , Jiaheng Wei , Xuanwu Yin , Dong Li , Emad Barsoum

Artificial Intelligence (AI) models increasingly drive high-stakes consumer interactions, yet their decision logic often remains opaque. Prevailing explainable AI techniques rely on post hoc numerical feature attributions, which fail to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Xiang Cheng , Wen Wang , Anindya Ghose

Despite their remarkable success, large language models (LLMs) have shown limited ability on safety-critical code tasks such as vulnerability detection. Typically, static analysis (SA) tools, like CodeQL, CodeGuru Security, etc., are used…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-15 Ira Ceka , Feitong Qiao , Anik Dey , Aastha Valecha , Gail Kaiser , Baishakhi Ray

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized recommendation agents by providing superior reasoning and flexible decision-making capabilities. However, existing methods mainly follow a passive information acquisition paradigm, where…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Haobo Zhang , Yutao Zhu , Kelong Mao , Tianhao Li , Zhicheng Dou

Enabling large language models (LLMs) to solve complex reasoning tasks is a key step toward artificial general intelligence. Recent work augments LLMs with external tools to enable agentic reasoning, achieving high utility and efficiency in…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Qi Li , Xinchao Wang

Large language models (LLMs) effectively generate fluent text when the target output follows natural language patterns. However, structured prediction tasks confine the output format to a limited ontology, causing even very large models to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-19 Derek Chen , Celine Lee , Yunan Lu , Domenic Rosati , Zhou Yu

Analytical reasoning is an essential and challenging task that requires a system to analyze a scenario involving a set of particular circumstances and perform reasoning over it to make conclusions. In this paper, we study the challenge of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-04-16 Wanjun Zhong , Siyuan Wang , Duyu Tang , Zenan Xu , Daya Guo , Jiahai Wang , Jian Yin , Ming Zhou , Nan Duan

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in medical domains, but their ability to handle specialized neurological reasoning requires systematic evaluation. We developed a comprehensive benchmark using 305 questions from Israeli Board…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-08-21 Moran Sorka , Alon Gorenshtein , Dvir Aran , Shahar Shelly

While large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in the table question answering (TQA) task through prompt engineering, they face challenges in industrial applications, including structural heterogeneity, difficulties in target data…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Sishi Xiong , Ziyang He , Zhongjiang He , Yu Zhao , Changzai Pan , Jie Zhang , Zhenhe Wu , Shuangyong Song , Yongxiang Li

Strategic model selection and reasoning settings are more effective than ensembling for optimizing automated scoring with large language models (LLMs). We examined self-consistency (intra-model majority voting) and reasoning effort for…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-05-01 Scott Frohn

Reasoning is a fundamental cognitive process underlying inference, problem-solving, and decision-making. While large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong reasoning capabilities in closed-world settings, they struggle in open-ended and…

Large foundation models enable powerful reasoning for autonomous systems, but mapping semantic intent to reliable real-time control remains challenging. Existing approaches either (i) let Large Language Models (LLMs) generate trajectories…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-04-03 Jiayi Chen , Shuai Wang , Guangxu Zhu , Chengzhong Xu

Current Large Language Model (LLM) agents demonstrate strong reasoning and tool use capabilities, but often lack self-awareness, failing to balance these approaches effectively. This imbalance leads to Tool Overuse, where models…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Cheng Qian , Emre Can Acikgoz , Hongru Wang , Xiusi Chen , Avirup Sil , Dilek Hakkani-Tür , Gokhan Tur , Heng Ji

Large language model (LLM) agents integrate pre-trained LLMs with modular algorithmic components and have shown remarkable reasoning and decision-making abilities. In this work, we investigate their use for two tightly intertwined…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-30 Alessio Maritan

We propose VulnLLM-R, the~\emph{first specialized reasoning LLM} for vulnerability detection. Our key insight is that LLMs can reason about program states and analyze the potential vulnerabilities, rather than simple pattern matching. This…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-09 Yuzhou Nie , Hongwei Li , Chengquan Guo , Ruizhe Jiang , Zhun Wang , Bo Li , Dawn Song , Wenbo Guo