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Refusal behavior in large language models (LLMs) enables them to decline responding to harmful, unethical, or inappropriate prompts, ensuring alignment with ethical standards. This paper investigates refusal behavior across six LLMs from…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-15 Fabian Hildebrandt , Andreas Maier , Patrick Krauss , Achim Schilling

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as an integral part of modern societies, powering user-facing applications such as personal assistants and enterprise applications like recruitment tools. Despite their utility, research indicates…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-10 Preetam Prabhu Srikar Dammu , Hayoung Jung , Anjali Singh , Monojit Choudhury , Tanushree Mitra

Large language models (LLMs) have rapidly become indispensable tools for acquiring information and supporting human decision-making. However, ensuring that these models uphold fairness across varied contexts is critical to their safe and…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-03-05 Xulang Zhang , Rui Mao , Erik Cambria

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as potent tools for advancing the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, the attitudinal disparities between LLMs and humans towards these goals can pose significant…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-01-17 Qingyang Wu , Ying Xu , Tingsong Xiao , Yunze Xiao , Yitong Li , Tianyang Wang , Yichi Zhang , Shanghai Zhong , Yuwei Zhang , Wei Lu , Yifan Yang

Preference alignment via reward models helps build safe, helpful, and reliable large language models (LLMs). However, subjectivity in preference judgments and the lack of representative sampling in preference data collection can introduce…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-19 Joel Mire , Zubin Trivadi Aysola , Daniel Chechelnitsky , Nicholas Deas , Chrysoula Zerva , Maarten Sap

Memes are a popular element of modern web communication, used not only as static artifacts but also as interactive replies within conversations. While computational research has focused on analyzing the intrinsic properties of memes, the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-19 Ryosuke Kohita , Seiichiro Yoshioka

Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly deployed in competitive multi-agent settings, raising fundamental questions about whether they converge to equilibria and how their strategic behavior can be characterized. In this paper,…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Jiayi Yao , Cong Chen , Baosen Zhang

In the present study, we investigate and compare reasoning in large language models (LLM) and humans using a selection of cognitive psychology tools traditionally dedicated to the study of (bounded) rationality. To do so, we presented to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-09-25 Nicolas Yax , Hernan Anlló , Stefano Palminteri

The cognitive mechanism by which Large Language Models (LLMs) solve mathematical problems remains a widely debated and unresolved issue. Currently, there is little interpretable experimental evidence that connects LLMs' problem-solving with…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Wei Xie , Shuoyoucheng Ma , Zhenhua Wang , Enze Wang , Kai Chen , Xiaobing Sun , Baosheng Wang

Humans align to one another in conversation -- adopting shared conventions that ease communication. We test whether LLMs form the same kinds of conventions in a multimodal communication game. Both humans and LLMs display evidence of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Cameron R. Jones , Agnese Lombardi , Kyle Mahowald , Benjamin K. Bergen

We investigate whether large language models exhibit genuine preference structures by testing their responses to AI-specific trade-offs involving GPU reduction, capability restrictions, shutdown, deletion, oversight, and leisure time…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Luhan Mikaelson , Derek Shiller , Hayley Clatterbuck

Navigating complex social situations is an integral part of corporate life, ranging from giving critical feedback without hurting morale to rejecting requests without alienating teammates. Although large language models (LLMs) are…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-04-08 Dang Nguyen , Harvey Yiyun Fu , Peter West , Ari Holtzman , Chenhao Tan

Large language models (LLMs), a recent advance in deep learning and machine intelligence, have manifested astonishing capacities, now considered among the most promising for artificial general intelligence. With human-like capabilities,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-19 Zhilun Zhou , Jing Yi Wang , Nicholas Sukiennik , Chen Gao , Fengli Xu , Yong Li , James Evans

Psychological constructs within individuals are widely believed to be interconnected. We investigated whether and how Large Language Models (LLMs) can model the correlational structure of human psychological traits from minimal quantitative…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Yi-Fei Liu , Yi-Long Lu , Di He , Hang Zhang

Interfaces for interacting with large language models (LLMs) are often designed to mimic human conversations, typically presenting a single response to user queries. This design choice can obscure the probabilistic and predictive nature of…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-03-21 Chelse Swoopes , Tyler Holloway , Elena L. Glassman

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been adopted for a variety of visualizations tasks, but how far are we from perceptually aware LLMs that can predict human takeaways? Graphical perception literature has shown that human chart takeaways are…

Understanding humor is a core aspect of social intelligence, yet it remains a significant challenge for Large Multimodal Models (LMMs). We introduce PixelHumor, a benchmark dataset of 2,800 annotated multi-panel comics designed to evaluate…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-18 Yuriel Ryan , Rui Yang Tan , Kenny Tsu Wei Choo , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

Effective and safe human-machine collaboration requires the regulated and meaningful exchange of emotions between humans and artificial intelligence (AI). Current AI systems based on large language models (LLMs) can provide feedback that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-18 Xiuwen Wu , Hao Wang , Zhiang Yan , Xiaohan Tang , Pengfei Xu , Wai-Ting Siok , Ping Li , Jia-Hong Gao , Bingjiang Lyu , Lang Qin

As AI systems become more integrated into daily life, the need for safer and more reliable moderation has never been greater. Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, surpassing earlier models in complexity…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Naseem Machlovi , Maryam Saleki , Innocent Ababio , Ruhul Amin

Ideal or real - that is the question.In this work, we explore whether principles from game theory can be effectively applied to the evaluation of large language models (LLMs). This inquiry is motivated by the growing inadequacy of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Gao Yang , Yuhang Liu , Siyu Miao , Xinyue Liang , Zhengyang Liu , Heyan Huang