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Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) compresses large language models to low bit-widths using a small calibration set, and its quality depends strongly on which samples are chosen. We identify a failure mode in which calibration samples fail to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Ibne Farabi Shihab , Sanjeda Akter , Anuj Sharma

We present ITQ3_S (Interleaved Ternary Quantization -- Specialized), a novel 3-bit weight quantization format for LLMs integrating TurboQuant (TQ), a rotation-domain strategy based on the Fast Walsh-Hadamard Transform (FWHT). Conventional…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-01 Edward J. Yoon

This study examines 4-bit quantization methods like GPTQ in large language models (LLMs), highlighting GPTQ's overfitting and limited enhancement in Zero-Shot tasks. While prior works merely focusing on zero-shot measurement, we extend task…

Quantization is an effective approach to reduce the memory footprint and inference cost of large language models (LLMs), yet maintaining performance in the ultra-low-bit regime remains challenging. Existing post-training methods often…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Phong Nam Huu Nguyen , Khoi M. Le , Cong-Duy T Nguyen , Anh Tuan Luu , Thong Thanh Nguyen , Tho Quan

This paper introduces an efficient algorithm based on the Parity-Consistent Decomposition (PCD) method to determine the WD of pre-transformed polar codes. First, to address the bit dependencies introduced by the pre-transformation matrix,…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Yang Liu , Bolin Wu , Yuxin Han , Kai Niu

Weight-only quantization is important for compressing Large Language Models (LLMs). Inspired by the spirit of classical magnitude pruning, we study whether the magnitude of weight updates during reasoning-incentivized fine-tuning can…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Nan Zhang , Eugene Kwek , Yusen Zhang , Muyu Pan , Suhang Wang , Prasenjit Mitra , Rui Zhang

We introduce LogQuant, a groundbreaking 2-bit quantization technique for KV Cache in large language model (LLM) inference, delivering substantial memory savings while preserving superior performance. Previous methods either assume that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Han Chen , Zicong Jiang , Zining Zhang , Bingsheng He , Pingyi Luo , Mian Lu , Yuqiang Chen

Tensor decomposition of convolutional and fully-connected layers is an effective way to reduce parameters and FLOP in neural networks. Due to memory and power consumption limitations of mobile or embedded devices, the quantization step is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-10 Daria Cherniuk , Stanislav Abukhovich , Anh-Huy Phan , Ivan Oseledets , Andrzej Cichocki , Julia Gusak

The benefits of most large language models come with steep and often hidden economic and environmental costs due to their resource usage inefficiency during deployment. Model quantization improves energy and memory efficiency through…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Deyu Cao , Yixin Yin , Samin Aref

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) are propelling us toward artificial general intelligence with their remarkable emergent abilities and reasoning capabilities. However, the substantial computational and memory requirements…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Ruihao Gong , Yang Yong , Shiqiao Gu , Yushi Huang , Chengtao Lv , Yunchen Zhang , Xianglong Liu , Dacheng Tao

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have enabled a variety of real-world applications. The large parameter size of VLMs brings large memory and computation overhead which poses significant challenges for deployment. Post-Training Quantization…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-24 Shiyao Li , Yingchun Hu , Xuefei Ning , Xihui Liu , Ke Hong , Xiaotao Jia , Xiuhong Li , Yaqi Yan , Pei Ran , Guohao Dai , Shengen Yan , Huazhong Yang , Yu Wang

Quantization is a key method for deploying deep neural networks on edge devices with limited memory and computation resources. Recent improvements in Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) methods were achieved by an additional local optimization…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-09-27 Ofir Gordon , Elad Cohen , Hai Victor Habi , Arnon Netzer

Various post-training uniform quantization methods have usually been studied based on convex optimization. As a result, most previous ones rely on the quantization error minimization and/or quadratic approximations. Such approaches are…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-05-06 Byeongwook Kim , Dongsoo Lee , Yeonju Ro , Yongkweon Jeon , Se Jung Kwon , Baeseong Park , Daehwan Oh

The rapid growth of Large Language Models (LLMs) intensifies the need for effective compression, with weight quantization being the most widely adopted technique. Standard uniform quantizers assume that parameters are evenly distributed, an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Arthur Negrão , Pedro Silva , Vander L. S. Freitas , Gladston Moreira , Eduardo Luz

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance but entail significant memory and computational costs, restricting their practical deployment. While existing INT4/INT8 quantization reduces these costs, they often degrade…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Hao Zhang , Aining Jia , Weifeng Bu , Yushu Cai , Kai Sheng , Hao Chen , Xin He

Post-training quantization (PTQ) enables efficient deployment of large language models by mapping pretrained weights to low-bit formats without retraining, typically using a small calibration set to minimize a layer-wise calibration…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Seohyeon Cha , Huancheng Chen , Dongjun Kim , Haoran Zhang , Kevin Chan , Gustavo de Veciana , Haris Vikalo

Large language models (LLMs) require substantial compute, and thus energy, at inference time. While quantizing weights and activations is effective at improving efficiency, naive quantization of LLMs can significantly degrade performance…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-06 Boris van Breugel , Yelysei Bondarenko , Paul Whatmough , Markus Nagel

Post-training quantization (PTQ) with computational invariance for Large Language Models~(LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable advances, however, their application to Multimodal Large Language Models~(MLLMs) presents substantial challenges.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-06 Lulu Hu , Wenhu Xiao , Xin Chen , Xinhua Xu , Bowen Xu , Kun Li , Yongliang Tao

Model compression has become an important tool for making image super resolution models more efficient. However, the gap between the best compressed models and the full precision model still remains large and a need for deeper understanding…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-02-06 Dorsa Zeinali , Hailing Wang , Yitian Zhang , Yun Fu

Quantization-aware training (QAT) is widely adopted to quantize language models by training full-precision weights using gradients from the quantized model. The main bottleneck is its slow convergence and early performance plateau,…