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To ensure the proper functioning of the current and future electrical grid, it is necessary for Transmission System Operators (TSOs) to verify that energy providers comply with the grid code and specifications provided by TSOs. A lot of…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-01-23 Rabah Ouali , Jean-Yves Dieulot , Pascal Yim , Xavier Guillaud , Frédéric Colas , Yang Wu , Heng Wu

This paper presents a detailed small-signal stability analysis of a modified version of the Cigr\'e European high-voltage network, where one of the synchronous generators is replaced by a grid-following inverter-based resource (IBR). The…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-06-23 Francesco Conte , Fernando Mancilla-David , Amritansh Sagar , Chendan Li , Federico Silvestro , Samuele Grillo

This paper proposes a systematic framework to assess the small-signal stability of power systems with high shares of grid-following inverter-based resources (IBRs) under varying controller parameters and operating conditions. Stability…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-05-27 Francesco Conte , Fernando Mancilla-David , Federico Silvestro , Samuele Grillo

This paper addresses the following fundamental research question: how does the integration of grid-forming inverters (GFMs) replacing conventional synchronous generators (SGs) impact the slow coherent eigen-structure and the low-frequency…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-10-27 Sayak Mukherjee , Ramij Raja Hossain , Kaustav Chatterjee , Soumya Kundu , Kyung-Bin Kwon , Sameer Nekkalapu , Marcelo Elizondo

Modern power systems increasingly rely on power electronic converters, yet many of these devices are provided as black-box models, limiting the applicability of conventional small-signal analysis (SSA) tools. This work presents a unified…

The modern power grid features the high penetration of power converters, which widely employ a phase-locked loop (PLL) for grid synchronization. However, it has been pointed out that PLL can give rise to small-signal instabilities under…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-02-18 Chaoran Yang , Linbin Huang , Huanhai Xin , Ping Ju

Low-frequency oscillations (LFOs) present a significant challenge to the stability and reliability of power systems, especially in grids with a high penetration of renewable energy sources. Traditional grid-following (GFL) inverters have…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-06-02 Tamojit Chakraborty , Anamitra Pal , Sam Maleki

Grid-forming voltage source converters (GFM-VSCs) play a crucial role in the stability of power systems with large amounts of converter-based generation. Transient stability (angle stability under large disturbances) is a critical limiting…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-03-24 Régulo E. Ávila-Martínez , Luis Rouco , Javier Renedo , Lukas Sigrist , Aurelio Garcia-Cerrada

To satisfy dynamic requirements of power systems, it is imperative for grid-tied inverters to ensure good disturbance rejection performance (DRP) under variable grid conditions. This letter discovers and theoretically proves that for…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-03-28 Fuyilong Ma , Huanhai Xin , Zhiyi Li , Linbin Huang

This study proposes a control strategy to ensure the safe operation of modern power systems with high penetration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) within an optimal operation framework. The objective is to obtain operating points that…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-01-26 Francesca Rossi , Juan Carlos Olives-Camps , Eduardo Prieto-Araujo , Oriol Gomis-Bellmunt

Grid-ForMing Inverters (GFMIs) are expected to provide voltage stiffness to the grid. Explicitly, system operators (SOs) and regulators expect GFMIs to behave like a "voltage source behind impedance (VSBI)" in the (sub)-transient time…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-05-05 Ambuj Gupta , Muhammad Sharjeel Javaid , Balarko Chaudhuri , Mark O'Malley

Grid-forming (GFM) technology is widely regarded as a promising solution for future power systems dominated by power electronics. However, a universally accepted definition of GFM behavior and precise method for its quantification remain…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-05-25 Kehao Zhuang , Huanhai Xin , Verena Häberle , Liangxiao Luo , Xiaoying Liu , Xiuqiang He , Linbin Huang , Florian Dörfler

This paper shows that a necessary and sufficient condition for the small-signal stability of an inverter-integrated power system can be expressed in terms of semidefinite matrix inequalities determined only by the synchronous reactance of…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-03-27 Taku Nishino , Yoshiyuki Onishi , Takayuki Ishizaki

We consider the problem of grid-forming control of power converters in low-inertia power systems. Starting from an average-switch three-phase inverter model, we draw parallels to a synchronous machine (SM) model and propose a novel…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2018-04-27 Catalin Arghir , Taouba Jouini , Florian Dorfler

The proliferation of inverter-based generation and advanced sensing, controls, and communication infrastructure have facilitated the accelerated deployment of microgrids. A coordinated network of microgrids can maintain reliable power…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-03-19 Sai Pushpak Nandanoori , Soumya Kundu , Wei Du , Francis Tuffner , Kevin Schneider

This paper investigates the design and analysis of a novel grid-forming (GFM) control method for grid-connected converters (GCCs). The core novelty lies in a virtual flux observer-based synchronization and load angle control method. The…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-01-26 Xueqing Gao , Jun Zhang , Tao Li , Mingming Zhang

This paper proposes a novel control framework designed for Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs), denoted as Generalized Swing Control (GSC). The proposed GSC framework generalizes the definition of Grid-Forming (GFM) control schemes and exploits…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-11-05 Rodrigo Bernal , Federico Milano

Grid-forming (GFM) technology is widely regarded as a promising solution for future power systems dominated by power electronics. However, a precise method for quantifying GFM converter behavior and a universally accepted GFM definition…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-05-24 Kehao Zhuang , Huanhai Xin , Verena Häberle , Xiuqiang He , Linbin Huang , Florian Dörfler

In a power grid with growing penetrations of renewable energy sources, inverters play a larger role in the dynamic interactions among network components. However, much is yet to be studied regarding inverter-dominated grid stability. This…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-11-22 Ruth Kravis , Gabriel Colon-Reyes , Duncan Callaway

Time-varying phasor-based analysis of subsynchronous oscillations (SSOs) involving grid-following converters (GFLCs) and its benchmarking with electromagnetic transient (EMT) models have so far been restricted to highly simplified grid…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-06-25 Lilan Karunaratne , Nilanjan Ray Chaudhuri , Amirthagunaraj Yogarathnam , Meng Yue