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Source-free test-time adaptation (TTA) is appealing for mobile and wearable sensing because it enables on-device personalization from unlabeled test streams without centralizing private data. However, sensor-based human activity recognition…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-29 Changyu Li , Lu Wang , Ming Lei , Jiashen Liu , Yichen Zhang , Kaishun Wu , Fei Luo

Conventional test-time adaptation (TTA) approaches typically adapt the model using only a small fraction of test samples, often those with low-entropy predictions, thereby failing to fully leverage the available information in the test…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Nam Nguyen Phuong , Duc Nguyen The Minh , Phi Le Nguyen , Ehsan Abbasnejad , Minh Hoai

Prior to the deployment of robotic systems, pre-training the deep-recognition models on all potential visual cases is infeasible in practice. Hence, test-time adaptation (TTA) allows the model to adapt itself to novel environments and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-04-18 Junha Song , Kwanyong Park , InKyu Shin , Sanghyun Woo , Chaoning Zhang , In So Kweon

Test-time adaptation (TTA) has increasingly been an important topic to efficiently tackle the cross-domain distribution shift at test time for medical images from different institutions. Previous TTA methods have a common limitation of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-05-30 Hongzheng Yang , Cheng Chen , Meirui Jiang , Quande Liu , Jianfeng Cao , Pheng Ann Heng , Qi Dou

A foundational requirement of a deployed ML model is to generalize to data drawn from a testing distribution that is different from training. A popular solution to this problem is to adapt a pre-trained model to novel domains using only…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-07-12 Kowshik Thopalli , Pavan Turaga , Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan

Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) has emerged as a powerful technique for addressing the distribution shift across various Remote Sensing (RS) applications. However, most UDA approaches require access to source data, which may be…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Yu Liang , Shilei Cao , Xiucheng Zhang , Juepeng Zheng , Jianxi Huang , Haohuan Fu

Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) aims to adapt pre-trained models to the target domain during testing. In reality, this adaptability can be influenced by multiple factors. Researchers have identified various challenging scenarios and developed…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-30 Chaoqun Du , Yulin Wang , Jiayi Guo , Yizeng Han , Jie Zhou , Gao Huang

Performance of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in image analysis tasks is often marred in the presence of acquisition-related distribution shifts between training and test images. Recently, it has been proposed to tackle this problem…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-02-14 Neerav Karani , Georg Brunner , Ertunc Erdil , Simin Fei , Kerem Tezcan , Krishna Chaitanya , Ender Konukoglu

Vision-language models (VLMs) exhibit remarkable zero-shot generalization but suffer performance degradation under distribution shifts in downstream tasks, particularly in the absence of labeled data. Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) addresses…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-17 Khanh-Binh Nguyen , Phuoc-Nguyen Bui , Hyunseung Choo , Duc Thanh Nguyen

Adaptation of pretrained vision-language models such as CLIP to various downstream tasks have raised great interest in recent researches. Previous works have proposed a variety of test-time adaptation (TTA) methods to achieve strong…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-25 Taolin Zhang , Jinpeng Wang , Hang Guo , Tao Dai , Bin Chen , Shu-Tao Xia

Test-time adaptation (TTA) addresses distribution shifts for streaming test data in unsupervised settings. Currently, most TTA methods can only deal with minor shifts and rely heavily on heuristic and empirical studies. To advance TTA under…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-09 Shurui Gui , Xiner Li , Shuiwang Ji

Fine-tuning is powerful for adapting large language models to downstream tasks, but it often results in huge memory usages. A promising approach to mitigate this is using Zeroth-Order (ZO) optimization, which estimates gradients to replace…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Fei Wang , Li Shen , Liang Ding , Chao Xue , Ye Liu , Changxing Ding

Recent advances in derivative-free optimization allow efficient approximation of the global-optimal solutions of sophisticated functions, such as functions with many local optima, non-differentiable and non-continuous functions. This…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-09-28 Yu-Ren Liu , Yi-Qi Hu , Hong Qian , Chao Qian , Yang Yu

Given the inevitability of domain shifts during inference in real-world applications, test-time adaptation (TTA) is essential for model adaptation after deployment. However, the real-world scenario of continuously changing target…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-28 Junyoung Park , Jin Kim , Hyeongjun Kwon , Ilhoon Yoon , Kwanghoon Sohn

Machine learning surrogates are increasingly used in engineering to accelerate costly simulations, yet distribution shifts between training and deployment often cause severe performance degradation (e.g., unseen geometries or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-18 Anna Zimmel , Paul Setinek , Gianluca Galletti , Johannes Brandstetter , Werner Zellinger

Electroencephalography (EEG) foundation models have shown strong potential for learning generalizable representations from large-scale neural data, yet their clinical deployment is hindered by distribution shifts across clinical settings,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Gabriel Jason Lee , Jathurshan Pradeepkumar , Jimeng Sun

Test-time Adaptation (TTA) adapts a given model to testing domain data with potential domain shifts through online unsupervised learning, yielding impressive performance. However, to date, existing TTA methods primarily focus on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Chang'an Yi , Xiaohui Deng , Guohao Chen , Yan Zhou , Qinghua Lu , Shuaicheng Niu

It is a well-known fact that the performance of deep learning models deteriorates when they encounter a distribution shift at test time. Test-time adaptation (TTA) algorithms have been proposed to adapt the model online while inferring test…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-12-15 Jayeon Yoo , Dongkwan Lee , Inseop Chung , Donghyun Kim , Nojun Kwak

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) often faces GPU memory bottlenecks: the backward pass of first-order optimizers like Adam increases memory usage to more than 10 times the inference level (e.g., 633 GB for OPT-30B). Zeroth-order…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Sizhe Dang , Yangyang Guo , Yanjun Zhao , Haishan Ye , Xiaodong Zheng , Guang Dai , Ivor Tsang

Efficient methods for non-convex black-box optimization largely rely on sampling. In this context, the Zeroth-Order Proximal Operator (ZOPO) and the corresponding Zeroth-Order Proximal Point Algorithm (ZOPPA) have attracted significant…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2026-05-13 Emanuele Naldi , Hippolyte Labarrière , Cesare Molinari , Silvia Villa