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Zeroth-order (ZO) optimization enables large-language-model fine-tuning without storing backpropagation activations, while LoRA supplies compact trainable adapters. Combining them creates a rank paradox: increasing LoRA rank improves…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Ziye Chen , Hongbin Lin , Chenyu Zhang , Xiangda Yan , Yongjie Yang , Yao Shu

Although recent years have witnessed significant advancements in medical image segmentation, the pervasive issue of domain shift among medical images from diverse centres hinders the effective deployment of pre-trained models. Many…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-30 Ziyang Chen , Yiwen Ye , Yongsheng Pan , Yong Xia

Source-free domain adaptation (SFDA), where only a pre-trained source model is used to adapt to the target distribution, is a more general approach to achieving domain adaptation in the real world. However, it can be challenging to capture…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-15 Chunwei Wu , Guitao Cao , Yan Li , Xidong Xi , Wenming Cao , Hong Wang

Vision-language models suffer performance degradation under domain shift, limiting real-world applicability. Existing test-time adaptation methods are computationally intensive, rely on back-propagation, and often focus on single…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Yi Zhang , Chun-Wun Cheng , Angelica I. Aviles-Rivero , Zhihai He , Liang-Jie Zhang

Active Test-Time Adaptation (ATTA) improves model robustness under domain shift by selectively querying human annotations at deployment, but existing methods use heuristic uncertainty measures and suffer from low data selection efficiency,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Tingyu Shi , Fan Lyu , Shaoliang Peng

Since autonomous driving systems usually face dynamic and ever-changing environments, continual test-time adaptation (CTTA) has been proposed as a strategy for transferring deployed models to continually changing target domains. However,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-04-01 Jiayi Ni , Senqiao Yang , Ran Xu , Jiaming Liu , Xiaoqi Li , Wenyu Jiao , Zehui Chen , Yi Liu , Shanghang Zhang

Fully Test-Time Adaptation (TTA), which aims at adapting models to data drifts, has recently attracted wide interest. Numerous tricks and techniques have been proposed to ensure robust learning on arbitrary streams of unlabeled data.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-13 Saypraseuth Mounsaveng , Florent Chiaroni , Malik Boudiaf , Marco Pedersoli , Ismail Ben Ayed

On-device fine-tuning is a critical capability for edge AI systems, which must support adaptation to different agentic tasks under stringent memory constraints. Conventional backpropagation (BP)-based training requires storing layer…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-06 Prabodh Katti , Houssem Sifaou , Sangwoo Park , Bipin Rajendran , Osvaldo Simeone

Test-time adaptation methods have been gaining attention recently as a practical solution for addressing source-to-target domain gaps by gradually updating the model without requiring labels on the target data. In this paper, we propose a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-03-30 Taeyeop Lee , Jonathan Tremblay , Valts Blukis , Bowen Wen , Byeong-Uk Lee , Inkyu Shin , Stan Birchfield , In So Kweon , Kuk-Jin Yoon

Zeroth-order (ZO) optimization has gained attention as a memory-efficient alternative to first-order (FO) methods, particularly in settings where gradient computation is expensive or even impractical. Beyond its memory efficiency, in this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Wanhao Yu , Zheng Wang , Shuteng Niu , Sen Lin , Li Yang

In this letter, we first propose a \underline{Z}eroth-\underline{O}rder c\underline{O}ordinate \underline{M}ethod~(ZOOM) to solve the stochastic optimization problem over a decentralized network with only zeroth-order~(ZO) oracle feedback…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2022-10-11 Shengjun Zhang , Tan Shen , Hongwei Sun , Yunlong Dong , Dong Xie , Heng Zhang

Recently introduced distributed zeroth-order optimization (ZOO) algorithms have shown their utility in distributed reinforcement learning (RL). Unfortunately, in the gradient estimation process, almost all of them require random samples…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-05-06 Gangshan Jing , He Bai , Jemin George , Aranya Chakrabortty , Piyush K. Sharma

Test-time adaptation (TTA) refers to adapting a classifier for the test data when the probability distribution of the test data slightly differs from that of the training data of the model. To the best of our knowledge, most of the existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-19 Sravan Danda , Aditya Challa , Shlok Mehendale , Snehanshu Saha

Continual Test-Time Adaptation (CTTA) is an emerging and challenging task where a model trained in a source domain must adapt to continuously changing conditions during testing, without access to the original source data. CTTA is prone to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-29 Ziqi Shi , Fan Lyu , Ye Liu , Fanhua Shang , Fuyuan Hu , Wei Feng , Zhang Zhang , Liang Wang

Audio-visual continual test-time adaptation involves continually adapting a source audio-visual model at test-time, to unlabeled non-stationary domains, where either or both modalities can be distributionally shifted, which hampers online…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Sarthak Kumar Maharana , Akshay Mehra , Bhavya Ramakrishna , Yunhui Guo , Guan-Ming Su

Test-time adaptation (TTA) is crucial for mitigating performance degradation caused by distribution shifts in 3D point cloud classification. In this work, we introduce Token Purging (PG), a novel backpropagation-free approach that removes…

Online Test-Time Adaptation (OTTA) enhances model robustness by updating pre-trained models with unlabeled data during testing. In healthcare, OTTA is vital for real-time tasks like predicting blood pressure from biosignals, which demand…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-11-28 Yong-Yeon Jo , Byeong Tak Lee , Beom Joon Kim , Jeong-Ho Hong , Hak Seung Lee , Joon-myoung Kwon

Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) aims to enhance the generalization of deep learning models when faced with test data that exhibits distribution shifts from the training data. In this context, only a pre-trained model and unlabeled test data are…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-19 Linjing You , Jiabao Lu , Xiayuan Huang , Xiangli Nie

We study stochastic zeroth-order (ZO) optimization of smooth nonconvex objectives under heavy-tailed sample-gradient noise. This regime is motivated by empirical evidence that gradient noise in modern machine learning can violate the…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2026-05-19 Taha El Bakkali , El Mahdi Chayti , Qiuyi Zhang , Imane Rahali , Omar Saadi

Large language models have demonstrated exceptional capabilities across diverse tasks, but their fine-tuning demands significant memory, posing challenges for resource-constrained environments. Zeroth-order (ZO) optimization provides a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Zhen Zhang , Yifan Yang , Kai Zhen , Nathan Susanj , Athanasios Mouchtaris , Siegfried Kunzmann , Zheng Zhang