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Training tool-augmented LLMs has emerged as a promising approach to enhancing language models' capabilities for complex tasks. The current supervised fine-tuning paradigm relies on constructing extensive domain-specific datasets to train…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Yirong Zeng , Xiao Ding , Yutai Hou , Yuxian Wang , Li Du , Juyi Dai , Qiuyang Ding , Duyu Tang , Dandan Tu , Weiwen Liu , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Alignment is vital for safely deploying large language models (LLMs). Existing techniques are either reward-based (training a reward model on preference pairs and optimizing with reinforcement learning) or reward-free (directly fine-tuning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Ruoxi Cheng , Haoxuan Ma , Weixin Wang , Ranjie Duan , Jiexi Liu , Xiaoshuang Jia , Simeng Qin , Xiaochun Cao , Yang Liu , Xiaojun Jia

Designing reinforcement learning (RL) agents is typically a difficult process that requires numerous design iterations. Learning can fail for a multitude of reasons, and standard RL methods provide too few tools to provide insight into the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-24 James MacGlashan , Evan Archer , Alisa Devlic , Takuma Seno , Craig Sherstan , Peter R. Wurman , Peter Stone

Agentic retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) formulates question answering as a multi-step interaction between reasoning and information retrieval, and has recently been advanced by reinforcement learning (RL) with outcome-based…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Tianhua Zhang , Kun Li , Junan Li , Yunxiang Li , Hongyin Luo , Xixin Wu , James Glass , Helen Meng

Reinforcement learning (RL) shows promise for enhancing LLM agentic reasoning, yet sparse terminal rewards hinder fine-grained optimization. Process reward modeling offers an alternative but incurs high computational costs, reward hacking…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Xiao Feng , Bo Han , Zhanke Zhou , Jiaqi Fan , Jiangchao Yao , Ka Ho Li , Dahai Yu , Michael Kwok-Po Ng

An emerging field of sequential decision problems is safe Reinforcement Learning (RL), where the objective is to maximize the reward while obeying safety constraints. Being able to handle constraints is essential for deploying RL agents in…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2023-03-08 Nick Bührer , Zhejun Zhang , Alexander Liniger , Fisher Yu , Luc Van Gool

Tool learning aims to enhance and expand large language models' (LLMs) capabilities with external tools, which has gained significant attention recently. Current methods have shown that LLMs can effectively handle a certain amount of tools…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-01 Qiancheng Xu , Yongqi Li , Heming Xia , Wenjie Li

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback has emerged as a standard for aligning diffusion models. However, we identify a fundamental limitation in the standard DPO formulation because it relies on the Bradley-Terry model to aggregate…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-12 Jiho Jang , Jinyoung Kim , Kyungjune Baek , Nojun Kwak

One of the main challenges in reinforcement learning (RL) is generalisation. In typical deep RL methods this is achieved by approximating the optimal value function with a low-dimensional representation using a deep network. While this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-11-29 Harm van Seijen , Mehdi Fatemi , Joshua Romoff , Romain Laroche , Tavian Barnes , Jeffrey Tsang

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown extraordinary potential in aligning diffusion models to downstream tasks, yet most of them still suffer from significant reward hacking, which degrades generative diversity and quality by inducing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Jiaming Li , Chenyu Zhu , Nanxi Yi , Youjun Bao , Li Sun , Quanying Lv , Xiang Fang , Daizong Liu , Jianjun Li , Kun He , Bowen Zhou , Zhiyuan Ma

How can we design agents that pursue a given objective when all feedback mechanisms are influenceable by the agent? Standard RL algorithms assume a secure reward function, and can thus perform poorly in settings where agents can tamper with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-11-18 Jonathan Uesato , Ramana Kumar , Victoria Krakovna , Tom Everitt , Richard Ngo , Shane Legg

Reinforcement fine-tuning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for equipping large vision-language models (LVLMs) with agentic capabilities such as tool use and multi-step reasoning. Despite striking empirical…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-23 Carter Adams , Rafael Oliveira , Gabriel Almeida , Sofia Torres

Pre-trained Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models represent a major leap towards general-purpose robots, yet efficiently adapting them to novel, specific tasks in-situ remains a significant hurdle. While reinforcement learning (RL) is a…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-04-10 Baicheng Li , Dong Wu , Zike Yan , Xinchen Liu , Lusong Li , Zecui Zeng , Hongbin Zha

There has been significant progress in deep reinforcement learning (RL) in recent years. Nevertheless, finding suitable hyperparameter configurations and reward functions remains challenging even for experts, and performance heavily relies…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Julian Dierkes , Emma Cramer , Holger H. Hoos , Sebastian Trimpe

This research focuses on enhancing reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms by integrating penalty functions to guide agents in avoiding unwanted actions while optimizing rewards. The goal is to improve the learning process by ensuring that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-07 Sai Gana Sandeep Pula , Sathish A. P. Kumar , Sumit Jha , Arvind Ramanathan

We present a computational framework for synthesis of distributed control strategies for a heterogeneous team of robots in a partially observable environment. The goal is to cooperatively satisfy specifications given as Truncated Linear…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-04-07 Ningyuan Zhang , Wenliang Liu , Calin Belta

Agentic RAG is a powerful technique for incorporating external information that LLMs lack, enabling better problem solving and question answering. However, suboptimal search behaviors exist widely, such as over-search (retrieving…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Peilin Wu , Mian Zhang , Kun Wan , Wentian Zhao , Kaiyu He , Xinya Du , Zhiyu Chen

Transfer of recent advances in deep reinforcement learning to real-world applications is hindered by high data demands and thus low efficiency and scalability. Through independent improvements of components such as replay buffers or more…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-28 André Eberhard , Houssam Metni , Georg Fahland , Alexander Stroh , Pascal Friederich

Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning (HRL) is a promising approach to solving long-horizon problems with sparse and delayed rewards. Many existing HRL algorithms either use pre-trained low-level skills that are unadaptable, or require…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-10-11 Siyuan Li , Rui Wang , Minxue Tang , Chongjie Zhang

Current reinforcement learning (RL) methods can successfully learn single tasks but often generalize poorly to modest perturbations in task domain or training procedure. In this work, we present a decoupled learning strategy for RL that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-05-10 Amy Zhang , Harsh Satija , Joelle Pineau