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We introduce MVN-Grad (Momentum on Variance-Normalized Gradients), an Adam-style optimizer that improves stability and performance by combining two complementary ideas: variance-based normalization and momentum applied after normalization.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-12 Francisco Patitucci , Aryan Mokhtari

Adaptive gradient methods, especially Adam-type methods (such as Adam, AMSGrad, and AdaBound), have been proposed to speed up the training process with an element-wise scaling term on learning rates. However, they often generalize poorly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-07-20 Zhou Shao , Tong Lin

The recently proposed Muon optimizer updates weight matrices via orthogonalized momentum and has demonstrated strong empirical success in large language model training. However, it remains unclear how to determine the learning rates for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Minxin Zhang , Yuxuan Liu , Hayden Schaeffer

Modern adaptive optimization methods, such as Adam and its variants, have emerged as the most widely used tools in deep learning over recent years. These algorithms offer automatic mechanisms for dynamically adjusting the update step based…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-12 Son Nguyen , Bo Liu , Lizhang Chen , Qiang Liu

Is the standard weight decay in AdamW truly optimal? Although AdamW decouples weight decay from adaptive gradient scaling, a fundamental conflict remains: the Radial Tug-of-War. In deep learning, gradients tend to increase parameter norms…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-06 Hao Chen , Jinghui Yuan , Hanmin Zhang

In the paper, we propose a class of faster adaptive Gradient Descent Ascent (GDA) methods for solving the nonconvex-strongly-concave minimax problems by using the unified adaptive matrices, which include almost all existing coordinate-wise…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2023-02-22 Feihu Huang , Xidong Wu , Zhengmian Hu

Adaptive gradient algorithm (AdaGrad) and its variants, such as RMSProp, Adam, AMSGrad, etc, have been widely used in deep learning. Although these algorithms are faster in the early phase of training, their generalization performance is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-14 Kun Zeng , Jinlan Liu , Zhixia Jiang , Dongpo Xu

L$_2$ regularization and weight decay regularization are equivalent for standard stochastic gradient descent (when rescaled by the learning rate), but as we demonstrate this is \emph{not} the case for adaptive gradient algorithms, such as…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-01-08 Ilya Loshchilov , Frank Hutter

Stochastic optimization algorithms using exponential moving averages of the past gradients, such as ADAM, RMSProp and AdaGrad, have been having great successes in many applications, especially in training deep neural networks. ADAM in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Ruiqi Wang , Diego Klabjan

Adaptive optimizers such as Adam have achieved great success in training large-scale models like large language models and diffusion models. However, they often generalize worse than non-adaptive methods, such as SGD on classical…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Yiheng Zhang , Shaowu Wu , Yuanzhuo Xu , Jiajun Wu , Shang Xu , Steve Drew , Xiaoguang Niu

We propose a federated version of adaptive gradient methods, particularly AdaGrad and Adam, within the framework of over-the-air model training. This approach capitalizes on the inherent superposition property of wireless channels,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-12 Chenhao Wang , Zihan Chen , Nikolaos Pappas , Howard H. Yang , Tony Q. S. Quek , H. Vincent Poor

In this paper, we study the finite-sum convex optimization problem focusing on the general convex case. Recently, the study of variance reduced (VR) methods and their accelerated variants has made exciting progress. However, the step size…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2022-01-31 Zijian Liu , Ta Duy Nguyen , Alina Ene , Huy L. Nguyen

Normalization techniques are a boon for modern deep learning. They let weights converge more quickly with often better generalization performances. It has been argued that the normalization-induced scale invariance among the weights…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-01-19 Byeongho Heo , Sanghyuk Chun , Seong Joon Oh , Dongyoon Han , Sangdoo Yun , Gyuwan Kim , Youngjung Uh , Jung-Woo Ha

From a simplified analysis of adaptive methods, we derive AvaGrad, a new optimizer which outperforms SGD on vision tasks when its adaptability is properly tuned. We observe that the power of our method is partially explained by a decoupling…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-03-18 Pedro Savarese , David McAllester , Sudarshan Babu , Michael Maire

Adaptive gradient methods including Adam, AdaGrad, and their variants have been very successful for training deep learning models, such as neural networks. Meanwhile, given the need for distributed computing, distributed optimization…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-08 Xiangyi Chen , Belhal Karimi , Weijie Zhao , Ping Li

In this paper, we propose a novel adaptive decoding mechanism (ADM) for the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled uplink (UL) non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) communications. Specifically, considering a harsh UAV environment, where…

Adaptive gradient methods such as RMSProp and Adam use exponential moving estimate of the squared gradient to compute adaptive step sizes, achieving better convergence than SGD in face of noisy objectives. However, Adam can have undesirable…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-07-06 Chen Zhu , Yu Cheng , Zhe Gan , Furong Huang , Jingjing Liu , Tom Goldstein

In this paper, we investigate the convergence properties of a wide class of Adam-family methods for minimizing quadratically regularized nonsmooth nonconvex optimization problems, especially in the context of training nonsmooth neural…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2023-10-16 Kuangyu Ding , Nachuan Xiao , Kim-Chuan Toh

Vanilla gradient methods are often highly sensitive to the choice of stepsize, which typically requires manual tuning. Adaptive methods alleviate this issue and have therefore become widely used. Among them, AdaGrad has been particularly…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-02-16 Matia Bojovic , Saverio Salzo , Massimiliano Pontil

Current state-of-the-art optimizers are adaptive gradient-based optimization methods such as Adam. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in formulating gradient-based optimizers in a probabilistic framework for better modeling the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-21 Haotian Chen , Anna Kuzina , Babak Esmaeili , Jakub M Tomczak
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