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Out-of-distribution detection (OOD) deals with anomalous input to neural networks. In the past, specialized methods have been proposed to reject predictions on anomalous input. Similarly, it was shown that feature extraction models in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-01-25 Jan Diers , Christian Pigorsch

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for ensuring the reliability and safety of machine learning models in real-world applications. While zero-shot OOD detection, which requires no training on in-distribution (ID) data, has become…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-21 Yu Liu , Hao Tang , Haiqi Zhang , Jing Qin , Zechao Li

It is important to detect anomalous inputs when deploying machine learning systems. The use of larger and more complex inputs in deep learning magnifies the difficulty of distinguishing between anomalous and in-distribution examples. At the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-01-30 Dan Hendrycks , Mantas Mazeika , Thomas Dietterich

While reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms have been successfully applied across numerous sequential decision-making problems, their generalization to unforeseen testing environments remains a significant concern. In this paper, we study…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-11 Linas Nasvytis , Kai Sandbrink , Jakob Foerster , Tim Franzmeyer , Christian Schroeder de Witt

Foundation models (FMs) are increasingly deployed in open-world settings where distribution shift is the rule rather than the exception. The out-of-distribution (OOD) phenomena they face -- knowledge boundaries, capability ceilings,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Xin Wang , Haibo Chen , Wenxuan Liu , Wenwu Zhu

Deep neural networks have demonstrated great generalization capabilities for tasks whose training and test sets are drawn from the same distribution. Nevertheless, out-of-distribution (OOD) detection remains a challenging task that has…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-04-29 Brian K. S. Isaac-Medina , Toby P. Breckon

Effective out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for the safe deployment of machine learning models in real-world scenarios. However, recent work has shown that OOD detection methods are vulnerable to adversarial attacks,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-28 Hugo Lyons Keenan , Sarah Erfani , Christopher Leckie

Modern machine learning-based recognition approaches require large-scale datasets with large number of labelled training images. However, such datasets are inherently difficult and costly to collect and annotate. Hence there is a great and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-12-30 Yanwei Fu , De-An Huang , Leonid Sigal

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs is pivotal for deploying safe vision systems in open-world environments. We revisit diffusion models, not as generators, but as universal perceptual templates for OOD detection. This research…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-31 Lemar Abdi , Amaan Valiuddin , Francisco Caetano , Christiaan Viviers , Fons van der Sommen

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is a crucial task for ensuring the reliability and safety of deep learning. Currently, discriminator models outperform other methods in this regard. However, the feature extraction process used by…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-06-06 Luping Liu , Yi Ren , Xize Cheng , Rongjie Huang , Chongxuan Li , Zhou Zhao

We present definitions and properties of the fast massive unsupervised outlier detection (FastMUOD) indices, used for outlier detection (OD) in functional data. FastMUOD detects outliers by computing, for each curve, an amplitude, magnitude…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2022-07-27 Oluwasegun Taiwo Ojo , Antonio Fernández Anta , Marc G. Genton , Rosa E. Lillo

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples is crucial for trustworthy AI in real-world applications. Leveraging recent advances in representation learning and latent embeddings, Various scoring algorithms estimate distributions beyond the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-20 Jeng-Lin Li , Ming-Ching Chang , Wei-Chao Chen

Outlier detection (OD) is one of the core challenges in machine learning. Transductive learning, which leverages test data during training, has shown promise in related machine learning tasks, yet remains largely unexplored for modern OD.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Simon Klüttermann , Emmanuel Müller

Outlier detection is an important topic in machine learning and has been used in a wide range of applications. Outliers are objects that are few in number and deviate from the majority of objects. As a result of these two properties, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-04-22 Xusheng Du , Enguang Zuo , Zhenzhen He , Jiong Yu

Out-of-distribution detection (OOD) is a pivotal task for real-world applications that trains models to identify samples that are distributionally different from the in-distribution (ID) data during testing. Recent advances in AI,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-06 Chaohua Li , Enhao Zhang , Chuanxing Geng , Songcan Chen

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is important for deploying reliable machine learning models on real-world applications. Recent advances in outlier exposure have shown promising results on OOD detection via fine-tuning model with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-27 Jianing Zhu , Geng Yu , Jiangchao Yao , Tongliang Liu , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama , Bo Han

Models trained with deep learning often fail to signal when inputs fall outside their training data manifold, leading to unreliable predictions under distribution shift. Prior work suggests that effective out-of-distribution (OOD) detection…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Brett Barkley , Preston Culbertson , David Fridovich-Keil

We focus on the challenge of out-of-distribution (OOD) detection in deep learning models, a crucial aspect in ensuring reliability. Despite considerable effort, the problem remains significantly challenging in deep learning models due to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-05-30 Yunhao Ge , Jie Ren , Jiaping Zhao , Kaifeng Chen , Andrew Gallagher , Laurent Itti , Balaji Lakshminarayanan

Native FP8 support in modern hardware is essential for training large Transformers, but is severely hindered by extreme activation outliers. Existing solutions either rely on complex mixed-precision engineering or invasive architectural…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Guang Liang , Jie Shao , Ningyuan Tang , Xinyao Liu , Jianxin Wu

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is an important task in machine learning systems for ensuring their reliability and safety. Deep probabilistic generative models facilitate OOD detection by estimating the likelihood of a data sample.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-16 Jaemoo Choi , Changyeon Yoon , Jeongwoo Bae , Myungjoo Kang