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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated immense utility across various industries. However, as LLMs advance, the risk of harmful outputs increases due to incorrect or malicious instruction prompts. While current methods effectively…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Xinyi Zeng , Yuying Shang , Jiawei Chen , Jingyuan Zhang , Yu Tian

With the rise of large language models (LLMs), ensuring they embody the principles of being helpful, honest, and harmless (3H), known as Human Alignment, becomes crucial. While existing alignment methods like RLHF, DPO, etc., effectively…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-02 Shu Yang , Jiayuan Su , Han Jiang , Mengdi Li , Keyuan Cheng , Muhammad Asif Ali , Lijie Hu , Di Wang

Today's high-stakes adversarial interactions feature attackers who constantly breach the ever-improving security measures. Deception mitigates the defender's loss by misleading the attacker to make suboptimal decisions. In order to formally…

We introduce AegisLLM, a cooperative multi-agent defense against adversarial attacks and information leakage. In AegisLLM, a structured workflow of autonomous agents - orchestrator, deflector, responder, and evaluator - collaborate to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Zikui Cai , Shayan Shabihi , Bang An , Zora Che , Brian R. Bartoldson , Bhavya Kailkhura , Tom Goldstein , Furong Huang

Confidentiality of the data is being endangered as it has been categorized into false categories which might get leaked to an unauthorized party. For this reason, various organizations are mainly implementing data leakage prevention systems…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-03-11 Ishu Gupta , Sloni Mittal , Ankit Tiwari , Priya Agarwal , Ashutosh Kumar Singh

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have recently demonstrated impressive performances across diverse domains. However, how the safety of Large Language Models (LLMs) benefits from enhanced reasoning capabilities against jailbreak queries remains…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Junda Zhu , Lingyong Yan , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Lei Sha

With the widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs), jailbreak attacks have become an increasingly pressing safety concern. While safety-aligned LLMs can effectively defend against normal harmful queries, they remain vulnerable to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-21 Yu Li , Han Jiang , Zhihua Wei

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive proficiency in code generation. Unfortunately, these models share a weakness with their human counterparts: producing code that inadvertently has security vulnerabilities. These…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-17 Kamel Alrashedy , Abdullah Aljasser , Pradyumna Tambwekar , Matthew Gombolay

While there has been progress towards aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human values and ensuring safe behaviour at inference time, safety guards can easily be removed when fine tuned on unsafe and harmful datasets. While this…

Federated learning (FL) enables multiple parties to collaboratively fine-tune an large language model (LLM) without the need of direct data sharing. Ideally, by training on decentralized data that is aligned with human preferences and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Rui Ye , Jingyi Chai , Xiangrui Liu , Yaodong Yang , Yanfeng Wang , Siheng Chen

Safe Reinforcement learning (Safe RL) aims at learning optimal policies while staying safe. A popular solution to Safe RL is shielding, which uses a logical safety specification to prevent an RL agent from taking unsafe actions. However,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-03-07 Wen-Chi Yang , Giuseppe Marra , Gavin Rens , Luc De Raedt

Development of autonomous cyber system defense strategies and action recommendations in the real-world is challenging, and includes characterizing system state uncertainties and attack-defense dynamics. We propose a data-driven deep…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-06 Ashutosh Dutta , Samrat Chatterjee , Arnab Bhattacharya , Mahantesh Halappanavar

LLMs offer tremendous opportunities for pedagogical agents to help students construct knowledge and develop problem-solving skills, yet many of these agents operate on a "one-size-fits-all" basis, limiting their ability to personalize…

Temporal epistemic logic is a well-established framework for expressing agents knowledge and how it evolves over time. Within language-based security these are central issues, for instance in the context of declassification. We propose to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2012-09-03 Musard Balliu , Mads Dam , Gurvan Le Guernic

Explainable fake news detection aims to assess the veracity of news claims while providing human-friendly explanations. Existing methods incorporating investigative journalism are often inefficient and struggle with breaking news. Recent…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Bo Wang , Jing Ma , Hongzhan Lin , Zhiwei Yang , Ruichao Yang , Yuan Tian , Yi Chang

Activation-based probes have emerged as a promising approach for detecting deceptively aligned AI systems by identifying internal conflict between true and stated goals. We identify a fundamental blind spot: probes fail on coherent…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-30 Kristiyan Haralambiev

Cybersecurity threats continue to increase, with a growing number of previously unknown attacks each year targeting both large corporations and smaller entities. This scenario demands the implementation of advanced security measures, not…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Javier Jiménez-Román , Florina Almenares-Mendoza , Alfonso Sánchez-Macián

Ensuring compliance with international data protection standards for privacy and data security is a crucial but complex task, often requiring substantial legal expertise. This paper introduces LegiLM, a novel legal language model…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-24 Linkai Zhu , Lu Yang , Chaofan Li , Shanwen Hu , Lu Liu , Bin Yin

Guardrails are a critical safety layer for modern AI systems, but their operating regime is changing. As LLMs are deployed as customized assistants, safety policies are increasingly specified at inference time by users, organizations, or…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Nanxi Li , Zhengyue Zhao , Chaowei Xiao

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance on complex reasoning tasks using techniques such as chain-of-thought and self-consistency. However, ensemble-based approaches, especially self-consistency which relies on…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Qinglin Zeng , Jing Yang , Keze Wang