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Deep learning requires regularization mechanisms to reduce overfitting and improve generalization. We address this problem by a new regularization method based on distributional robust optimization. The key idea is to modify the…

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become an effective way to improve prompt alignment and perceptual quality in diffusion and flow-matching generators. A critical step for applying online RL to flow matching is turning the deterministic…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Jade Zou , Tao Huang , Weijie Kong , Junzhe Li , Yue Wu , Qi Tian , Jiangfeng Xiong , Jianwei Zhang , Liefeng Bo , Zhao Zhong

A diffusion model, which is formulated to produce an image using thousands of denoising steps, usually suffers from a slow inference speed. Existing acceleration algorithms simplify the sampling by skipping most steps yet exhibit…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-02 Mengfei Xia , Yujun Shen , Changsong Lei , Yu Zhou , Ran Yi , Deli Zhao , Wenping Wang , Yong-Jin Liu

Recently, research on denoising diffusion models has expanded its application to the field of image restoration. Traditional diffusion-based image restoration methods utilize degraded images as conditional input to effectively guide the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-25 Zhenning Shi , Haoshuai Zheng , Chen Xu , Changsheng Dong , Bin Pan , Xueshuo Xie , Along He , Tao Li , Huazhu Fu

Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs) have emerged as a powerful family of generative models that can yield high-fidelity samples and competitive log-likelihoods across a range of domains, including image and speech synthesis.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-08 Daniel Watson , Jonathan Ho , Mohammad Norouzi , William Chan

Federated learning aims at training models collaboratively across participants while protecting privacy. However, one major challenge for this paradigm is the data heterogeneity issue, where biased data preferences across multiple clients,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-21 Huan Wang , Haoran Li , Huaming Chen , Jun Yan , Jiahua Shi , Jun Shen

Although autoregressive models have dominated language modeling in recent years, there has been a growing interest in exploring alternative paradigms to the conventional next-token prediction framework. Diffusion-based language models have…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-23 Chihan Huang , Hao Tang

Test-time reinforcement learning (TTRL) always adapts models at inference time via pseudo-labeling, leaving it vulnerable to spurious optimization signals from label noise. Through an empirical study, we observe that responses with medium…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-24 Yongcan Yu , Lingxiao He , Jian Liang , Kuangpu Guo , Meng Wang , Qianlong Xie , Xingxing Wang , Ran He

Recent advances in masked diffusion language models (MDLMs) narrow the quality gap to autoregressive LMs, but their sampling remains expensive because generation requires many full-sequence denoising passes with a large Transformer and,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Ivan Sedykh , Nikita Sorokin , Valentin Malykh

Advances in microscopy imaging enable researchers to visualize structures at the nanoscale level thereby unraveling intricate details of biological organization. However, challenges such as image noise, photobleaching of fluorophores, and…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-09-19 Pamela Osuna-Vargas , Maren H. Wehrheim , Lucas Zinz , Johanna Rahm , Ashwin Balakrishnan , Alexandra Kaminer , Mike Heilemann , Matthias Kaschube

Equipping a deep model the abaility of few-shot learning, i.e., learning quickly from only few examples, is a core challenge for artificial intelligence. Gradient-based meta-learning approaches effectively address the challenge by learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-09 Baoquan Zhang , Chuyao Luo , Demin Yu , Huiwei Lin , Xutao Li , Yunming Ye , Bowen Zhang

To fully leverage the capabilities of diffusion models, we are often interested in optimizing downstream reward functions during inference. While numerous algorithms for reward-guided generation have been recently proposed due to their…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-18 Masatoshi Uehara , Xingyu Su , Yulai Zhao , Xiner Li , Aviv Regev , Shuiwang Ji , Sergey Levine , Tommaso Biancalani

Generative modelling paradigms based on denoising diffusion processes have emerged as a leading candidate for conditional sampling in inverse problems. In many real-world applications, we often have access to large, expensively trained…

Text-to-image diffusion inference typically follows synchronized schedules, where the numerical integrator advances the latent state to the same timestep at which the denoiser is conditioned. We propose an asynchronous inference mechanism…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Longhuan Xu , Feng Yin , Cunjian Chen

Denoising Diffusion Models (DDMs) have become a popular tool for generating high-quality samples from complex data distributions. These models are able to capture sophisticated patterns and structures in the data, and can generate samples…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-08-20 Emanuele Aiello , Diego Valsesia , Enrico Magli

Diffusion policies have achieved superior performance in imitation learning and offline reinforcement learning (RL) due to their rich expressiveness. However, the conventional diffusion training procedure requires samples from target…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Haitong Ma , Tianyi Chen , Kai Wang , Na Li , Bo Dai

Image generative models, particularly diffusion-based models, have surged in popularity due to their remarkable ability to synthesize highly realistic images. However, since these models are data-driven, they inherit biases from the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Lin-Chun Huang , Ching Chieh Tsao , Fang-Yi Su , Jung-Hsien Chiang

One major challenge in training Deep Neural Networks is preventing overfitting. Many techniques such as data augmentation and novel regularizers such as Dropout have been proposed to prevent overfitting without requiring a massive amount of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2016-06-13 Michael Cogswell , Faruk Ahmed , Ross Girshick , Larry Zitnick , Dhruv Batra

Human motion generation is a challenging task due to its high dimensionality and the difficulty of generating fine-grained motions. Diffusion methods have been proposed due to their high sample quality and expressiveness. Early approaches…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Mirgahney Mohamed , Harry Jake Cunningham , Marc P. Deisenroth , Lourdes Agapito

Pretrained language models have significantly advanced performance across various natural language processing tasks. However, adversarial attacks continue to pose a critical challenge to systems built using these models, as they can be…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Zhenhao Li , Huichi Zhou , Marek Rei , Lucia Specia