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Reference-free evaluation has the potential to make machine translation evaluation substantially more scalable, allowing us to pivot easily to new languages or domains. It has been recently shown that the probabilities given by a large,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-04-13 Sweta Agrawal , George Foster , Markus Freitag , Colin Cherry

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a cornerstone technique for enhancing large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge. However, current RAG systems face two critical limitations: (1) they inefficiently retrieve…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Wang Chen , Guanqiang Qi , Weikang Li , Yang Li , Deguo Xia , Jizhou Huang

Knowledge probing assesses to which degree a language model (LM) has successfully learned relational knowledge during pre-training. Probing is an inexpensive way to compare LMs of different sizes and training configurations. However,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-08 Jacek Wiland , Max Ploner , Alan Akbik

Quality Estimation (QE), the evaluation of machine translation output without the need of explicit references, has seen big improvements in the last years with the use of neural metrics. In this paper we analyze the viability of using QE…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-10 Jan-Thorsten Peter , David Vilar , Daniel Deutsch , Mara Finkelstein , Juraj Juraska , Markus Freitag

Quality estimation (QE)-the automatic assessment of translation quality-has recently become crucial across several stages of the translation pipeline, from data curation to training and decoding. While QE metrics have been optimized to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Emmanouil Zaranis , Giuseppe Attanasio , Sweta Agrawal , André F. T. Martins

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising capabilities as automatic evaluators in assessing the quality of generated natural language. However, LLMs still exhibit biases in evaluation and often struggle to generate coherent…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-20 Yinhong Liu , Han Zhou , Zhijiang Guo , Ehsan Shareghi , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen , Nigel Collier

Machine Translation Quality Estimation (QE) is the task of evaluating translation output in the absence of human-written references. Due to the scarcity of human-labeled QE data, previous works attempted to utilize the abundant unlabeled…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-12-21 Baopu Qiu , Liang Ding , Di Wu , Lin Shang , Yibing Zhan , Dacheng Tao

In this work, we train an Automatic Post-Editing (APE) model and use it to reveal biases in standard Machine Translation (MT) evaluation procedures. The goal of our APE model is to correct typical errors introduced by the translation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-06-17 Markus Freitag , Isaac Caswell , Scott Roy

We present MLQE-PE, a new dataset for Machine Translation (MT) Quality Estimation (QE) and Automatic Post-Editing (APE). The dataset contains eleven language pairs, with human labels for up to 10,000 translations per language pair in the…

Large language models (LLMs) enhanced with retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) have introduced a new paradigm for web search. However, the limited context awareness of LLMs degrades their performance on RAG tasks. Existing methods to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Tao Tan , Yining Qian , Ang Lv , Hongzhan Lin , Songhao Wu , Yongbo Wang , Feng Wang , Jingtong Wu , Xin Lu , Rui Yan

The paper presents two approaches submitted to the WMT 2025 Automated Translation Quality Evaluation Systems Task 3 - Quality Estimation (QE)-informed Segment-level Error Correction. While jointly training QE systems with Automatic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-19 Govardhan Padmanabhan

Automatic prompt engineering (APE) rewrites prompts to improve downstream task performance, but existing APE loops treat the optimizer itself as a fixed pipeline. We port the code-as-action paradigm of CodeAct (Wang et al., 2024a) to APE…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Mengyin Lu , Cong Feng , Huimin Han , Guangming Lu , Yu Sun , Xiaonan Ding , Shihui Long , Fengyi Li , Tanvi Motwani

Minimum Bayes Risk (MBR) decoding is a text generation technique that has been shown to improve the quality of machine translations, but is expensive, even if a sampling-based approximation is used. Besides requiring a large number of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Jannis Vamvas , Rico Sennrich

The prevailing approach for training and evaluating paraphrase identification models is constructed as a binary classification problem: the model is given a pair of sentences, and is judged by how accurately it classifies pairs as either…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-06-25 Hannah Chen , Yangfeng Ji , David Evans

Pairwise re-ranking models predict which of two documents is more relevant to a query and then aggregate a final ranking from such preferences. This is often more effective than pointwise re-ranking models that directly predict a relevance…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2022-07-12 Lukas Gienapp , Maik Fröbe , Matthias Hagen , Martin Potthast

Audio signal processing algorithms are frequently assessed through subjective listening tests in which participants directly score degraded signals on a unidimensional numerical scale. However, this approach is susceptible to…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-08-26 Jack Webb , Lorenzo Picinali

Recent years have seen a rapid surge in research leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for recommendation. These methods typically employ supervised fine-tuning (SFT) to adapt LLMs to recommendation scenarios, and utilize beam search…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Weiqin Yang , Bohao Wang , Zhenxiang Xu , Jiawei Chen , Shengjia Zhang , Jingbang Chen , Canghong Jin , Can Wang

Automatic Post-Editing (APE) systems often struggle with over-correction, where unnecessary modifications are made to a translation, diverging from the principle of minimal editing. In this paper, we propose a novel technique to mitigate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-30 Sourabh Deoghare , Diptesh Kanojia , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

The vast majority of evaluation metrics for machine translation are supervised, i.e., (i) are trained on human scores, (ii) assume the existence of reference translations, or (iii) leverage parallel data. This hinders their applicability to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-05 Jonas Belouadi , Steffen Eger

The common standard for quality evaluation of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems is reference-based metrics such as the Word Error Rate (WER), computed using manual ground-truth transcriptions that are time-consuming and expensive…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-26 Kamer Ali Yuksel , Thiago Ferreira , Ahmet Gunduz , Mohamed Al-Badrashiny , Golara Javadi