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The rapid advancement of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has brought their safety vulnerabilities into sharp focus. However, existing red teaming methods are fundamentally constrained by an inherent linear exploration paradigm, confining them…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-25 Chunxiao Li , Lijun Li , Jing Shao

Recent research on large language model (LLM) jailbreaks has primarily focused on techniques that bypass safety mechanisms to elicit overtly harmful outputs. However, such efforts often overlook attacks that exploit the model's capacity for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Zhaoxin Zhang , Borui Chen , Yiming Hu , Youyang Qu , Tianqing Zhu , Longxiang Gao

The rapid advancement of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has introduced complex security challenges, particularly at the intersection of textual and visual safety. While existing schemes have explored the security vulnerabilities…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-23 Mingyu Yu , Lana Liu , Zhehao Zhao , Wei Wang , Sujuan Qin

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into daily routines, yet they raise significant privacy and safety concerns. Recent research proposes collaborative inference, which outsources the early-layer inference to ensure…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-23 Tian Dong , Yan Meng , Shaofeng Li , Guoxing Chen , Zhen Liu , Haojin Zhu

Diffusion Vision-Language Models (dVLMs), built upon the non-causal foundations of Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs), have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in multimodal tasks by departing from the traditional autoregressive…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Yu Pan , Andi Zhang , Yi Wang , Sibei Yang , Wenjie Wang

Despite the widespread application of large language models (LLMs) across various tasks, recent studies indicate that they are susceptible to jailbreak attacks, which can render their defense mechanisms ineffective. However, previous…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-05-31 Jiawei Chen , Xiao Yang , Zhengwei Fang , Yu Tian , Yinpeng Dong , Zhaoxia Yin , Hang Su

Security analysts face increasing pressure to triage large and complex vulnerability backlogs. Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a potential aid by automating parts of the interpretation process. We evaluate four models (ChatGPT, Claude,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-22 Osama Al Haddad , Muhammad Ikram , Ejaz Ahmed , Young Lee

As large language models(LLMs) become commonplace in practical applications, the security issues of LLMs have attracted societal concerns. Although extensive efforts have been made to safety alignment, LLMs remain vulnerable to jailbreak…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-20 Xu Zhang , Dinghao Jing , Xiaojun Wan

Ensuring the safety of large language model (LLM) applications is essential for developing trustworthy artificial intelligence. Current LLM safety benchmarks have two limitations. First, they focus solely on either discriminative or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-30 Yutao Mou , Shikun Zhang , Wei Ye

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) pose critical safety challenges, as they are susceptible not only to adversarial attacks such as jailbreaking but also to inadvertently generating harmful content for benign users. While internal…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Ming Wen , Kun Yang , Xin Chen , Jingyu Zhang , Dingding Han , Shiwen Cui , Yuedong Xu

We present a novel approach for attacking black-box large language models (LLMs) by exploiting their ability to express confidence in natural language. Existing black-box attacks require either access to continuous model outputs like logits…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Jie Zhang , Meng Ding , Yang Liu , Jue Hong , Florian Tramèr

Vision-language models (VLMs) have become central to tasks such as visual question answering, image captioning, and text-to-image generation. However, their outputs are highly sensitive to prompt variations, which can reveal vulnerabilities…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Aarush Noheria , Yuguang Yao

As large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) gain prominence, ensuring their safe deployment has become critical. Recent studies have explored VLM robustness against jailbreak attacks-techniques that exploit model vulnerabilities to elicit…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-26 Ruofan Wang , Juncheng Li , Yixu Wang , Bo Wang , Xiaosen Wang , Yan Teng , Yingchun Wang , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed, ensuring their safe use is paramount. Jailbreaking, adversarial prompts that bypass model alignment to trigger harmful outputs, present significant risks, with existing studies…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-01 Yuan Xin , Dingfan Chen , Linyi Yang , Michael Backes , Xiao Zhang

Security alignment enables the Large Language Model (LLM) to gain the protection against malicious queries, but various jailbreak attack methods reveal the vulnerability of this security mechanism. Previous studies have isolated LLM…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Xiaohu Li , Yunfeng Ning , Zepeng Bao , Mayi Xu , Jianhao Chen , Tieyun Qian

Large language models (LLMs) excel in various capabilities but pose safety risks such as generating harmful content and misinformation, even after safety alignment. In this paper, we explore the inner mechanisms of safety alignment through…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-24 Jianhui Chen , Xiaozhi Wang , Zijun Yao , Yushi Bai , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities across a wide range of tasks, yet their safety mechanisms remain susceptible to adversarial attacks that exploit cognitive biases -- systematic deviations from rational…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Xikang Yang , Biyu Zhou , Xuehai Tang , Jizhong Han , Songlin Hu

Various jailbreak attacks have been proposed to red-team Large Language Models (LLMs) and revealed the vulnerable safeguards of LLMs. Besides, some methods are not limited to the textual modality and extend the jailbreak attack to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-17 Shuo Chen , Zhen Han , Bailan He , Zifeng Ding , Wenqian Yu , Philip Torr , Volker Tresp , Jindong Gu

While large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities across various tasks, they encounter potential security risks such as jailbreak attacks, which exploit vulnerabilities to bypass security measures and generate harmful…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-28 Xinyuan Wang , Victor Shea-Jay Huang , Renmiao Chen , Hao Wang , Chengwei Pan , Lei Sha , Minlie Huang

The emergence of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) is a significant advancement in integrating computer vision with Large Language Models (LLMs) to enhance multi-modal machine learning capabilities. However, this progress has also made VLMs…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-24 Zaitang Li , Pin-Yu Chen , Tsung-Yi Ho