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Large language models (LLMs) exhibit exceptional performance but pose inherent risks of generating toxic content, restricting their safe deployment. While traditional methods (e.g., alignment) adjust output preferences, they fail to…

Large language models (LLMs) excel in diverse applications but face dual challenges: generating harmful content under jailbreak attacks and over-refusal of benign queries due to rigid safety mechanisms. These issues are further complicated…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Yifan Xia , Guorui Chen , Wenqian Yu , Zhijiang Li , Philip Torr , Jindong Gu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities but remain susceptible to jailbreak attacks exploiting cross-modal vulnerabilities. In this work, we introduce a novel method that leverages sequential comic-style…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Deyue Zhang , Dongdong Yang , Junjie Mu , Quancheng Zou , Zonghao Ying , Wenzhuo Xu , Zhao Liu , Xuan Wang , Xiangzheng Zhang

Security vulnerabilities are increasingly prevalent in modern software and they are widely consequential to our society. Various approaches to defending against these vulnerabilities have been proposed, among which those leveraging deep…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-02-28 Yu Nong , Mohammed Aldeen , Long Cheng , Hongxin Hu , Feng Chen , Haipeng Cai

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities but remain vulnerable to jailbreaking attacks, where adversaries exploit textual or visual triggers to bypass safety guardrails. Recent…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Yi Wang , Hongye Qiu , Yue Xu , Sibei Yang , Zhan Qin , Minlie Huang , Wenjie Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly vulnerable to a sophisticated form of adversarial prompting known as camouflaged jailbreaking. This method embeds malicious intent within seemingly benign language to evade existing safety…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Youjia Zheng , Mohammad Zandsalimy , Shanu Sushmita

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse applications, however, they remain critically vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that elicit harmful responses violating human values and safety guidelines.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-12 Zhaoqi Wang , Zijian Zhang , Daqing He , Pengtao Kou , Xin Li , Jiamou Liu , Jincheng An , Yong Liu

Ensuring the safety and harmlessness of Large Language Models (LLMs) has become equally critical as their performance in applications. However, existing safety alignment methods typically suffer from safety-performance trade-offs and the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-30 Yichi Zhang , Siyuan Zhang , Yao Huang , Zeyu Xia , Zhengwei Fang , Xiao Yang , Ranjie Duan , Dong Yan , Yinpeng Dong , Jun Zhu

The open-endedness of large language models (LLMs) combined with their impressive capabilities may lead to new safety issues when being exploited for malicious use. While recent studies primarily focus on probing toxic outputs that can be…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-30 Jiaxin Wen , Pei Ke , Hao Sun , Zhexin Zhang , Chengfei Li , Jinfeng Bai , Minlie Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) serve as the backbone of modern AI systems, yet they remain susceptible to adversarial jailbreak attacks. Consequently, robust detection of such malicious inputs is paramount for ensuring model safety.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Jun Leng , Yu Liu , Litian Zhang , Ruihan Hu , Zhuting Fang , Xi Zhang

Large language models remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks, yet we still lack a systematic understanding of how jailbreak success scales with attacker effort across methods, model families, and harm types. We initiate a scaling-law…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-20 Xiangwen Wang , Ananth Balashankar , Varun Chandrasekaran

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention for their exceptional natural language processing capabilities. However, concerns about their trustworthiness remain unresolved, particularly in addressing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-29 Yue Huang , Jingyu Tang , Dongping Chen , Bingda Tang , Yao Wan , Lichao Sun , Philip S. Yu , Xiangliang Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities; however, the optimization of their prompts has historically prioritized performance metrics at the expense of crucial safety and security considerations. To overcome…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Ankita Sinha , Wendi Cui , Kamalika Das , Jiaxin Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT and Llama2 are increasingly adopted in many safety-critical applications. Their security is thus essential. Even with considerable efforts spent on reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF),…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-12-14 Wei Zhao , Zhe Li , Jun Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been equipped with safety mechanisms to prevent harmful outputs, but these guardrails can often be bypassed through "jailbreak" prompts. This paper introduces a novel graph-based approach to systematically…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-18 Sinan He , An Wang

Software security vulnerabilities allow attackers to perform malicious activities to disrupt software operations. Recent Transformer-based language models have significantly advanced vulnerability detection, surpassing the capabilities of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-06-11 Aidan Z. H. Yang , Haoye Tian , He Ye , Ruben Martins , Claire Le Goues

In the past few years, Language Models (LMs) have shown par-human capabilities in several domains. Despite their practical applications and exceeding user consumption, they are susceptible to jailbreaks when malicious input exploits the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-18 Charlotte Siska , Anush Sankaran

The rapid proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has raised significant concerns about their security against adversarial attacks. In this work, we propose a novel approach to crafting universal jailbreaks and data extraction attacks…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Kayua Oleques Paim , Rodrigo Brandao Mansilha , Diego Kreutz , Muriel Figueredo Franco , Weverton Cordeiro

Jailbreak attacks represent one of the most sophisticated threats to the security of large language models (LLMs). To deal with such risks, we introduce an innovative framework that can help evaluate the effectiveness of jailbreak attacks…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-19 Dong Shu , Chong Zhang , Mingyu Jin , Zihao Zhou , Lingyao Li , Yongfeng Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved impressive performance and have been put into practical use in commercial applications, but they still have potential safety mechanism vulnerabilities. Jailbreak attacks are red teaming…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-30 Shiji Zhao , Ranjie Duan , Fengxiang Wang , Chi Chen , Caixin Kang , Shouwei Ruan , Jialing Tao , YueFeng Chen , Hui Xue , Xingxing Wei
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